Key terms

• Controlled experiment

  A type of investigation in which the casual relationship between 2 variables is tested in a controlled environment. More specifically, the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable is tested while aiming to control all other variables.
• Case study


  An in depth investigation of an individual, group or particular phenomenon, activity, behaviour, event or problem that contains a real hypothetical situation and includes the complexities that would be encountered in real world.
• Correlation study

  A type of non-experimental study in which researchers observe and natural the relationship between 2 or more variables without delete active control or manipulation of them.
• Classification and identification.


  The arrangement of this phenomenon objects or events into manageable sets. identification of process of recognition of phenomena as belonging to a particular sets or possibly beginning part of a new or unique set.
• fieldwork


  any research involving observation and interaction with people and environments in real world settings conducted beyond the laboratory
• Literature review


  The process of collecting and analysing secondary daughter related to another people scientific findings and or viewpoints in order to answer question or provide background information to help explain observations, events or as preparations for investigation to generate primary data.
• Product process or system development

  Designer valuation of an artefact process or system to me. A human need which may involve Technologic Cool applications in addition to scientific knowledge and procedures.
• Subject design

  Within subject- participants complete every experimental condition.

  Between subject’s design- individuals are divided into different groups and complete only one experimental condition.

  Mix design- combines within and between subject’s design.
• Extraneous and Confounding variable

  Extraneous- may effect the dependent variable.

  Confounding- has directly and systematically affected the dependent Variable, but is not the IV.
• Systematic, personal and Random errors.


  Personal- mistakes, miscalculations and observer errors.

  Random- Affect the precision and occur due to chance.

  Systematic- Affect the accuracy of a measurement. Such as Environmental, instrumental and observational errors.
• Repeatability and Reproducibility


  If one carried out under identical conditions within a short period of time if the study produces the same results. Reproducibility if the study produces the same results when repeated under different conditions, such as different participants.