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    • Adaptations are any feature that help an organism to survive
    • Types of adaptation - Behavioural adaptations
      Actions that organisms choose to perform to aid survival:
      • playing dead
      • courtship behaviours to attract a mate
    • Types of adaptation - Physiological/biochemical adaptations

      Adaptation that ensures correct functioning of cell processes or body organs:
      • E.g; hibernation of many mammals over winter
      • adjustment of urine concentration in the kangaroo rat
    • Types of adaptation - Anatomical adaptations
      Structural features of an organism:
      • E.g. flagella in bacteria
      • E.g. whales have a thick layer of blubber under the skin
      • Cacti have spines to reduce leaf SA
    • Xerophytes: Plants specially adapted to living in dry areas e.g.; cacti
    • Convergent evolution

      Convergent evolution is the process whereby organisms not closely related independently develop similar features as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches.
      These shared features are known as "analogous structures". E.g. wings in birds, bats.
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