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• Relative Pronoun


  Type of pronouns that introduce clauses that are related together. It takes part in clarifying what is being talked about. It also adds more information about a subject or an object.
• Relative Pronoun


  • They can be found on the beginning of a subordinate clause.
• Which vs. That

  That and which are both normally used when the antecedent is an animal or thing, not a person. Which one you use depends on whether the relative clause is restrictive or nonrestrictive.
• Restrictive Clause


  It provides essential identifying information about the antecedent. If you removed a restrictive clause, the meaning of the sentence would change drastically, becoming much less specific. You should use that to introduce a restrictive clause.
• Restrictive Clause

  • The houses that I lived in previously were all quite small.
  • The subject that I liked best in school was Chemistry.
• Nonrestrictive Clause


  It provides information that could be removed without affecting the basic meaning of the sentence. These clauses are separated by commas from the rest of the sentence. They are introduced by which.
• Nonrestrictive Clause

  • My previous house, which was quite small, was in Bulacan.
  • I did well in Chemistry, which was always my favorite subject.
• Who vs. Whom

  Who functions as the subject of the clause (i.e., the person/people performing the action). Whom functions as the object of the clause (i.e., the person/people being acted upon).
• Relative Clauses with Who and Whom


  • She was the last person whom I wanted to speak, but I greeted her warmly all the same.
  • I don't like people who only talk about themselves.
• Whose


  This word is used for substituting for a possessive noun.
• Relative Clauses with Whose


  • John works with that other man whose name I can't remember.
  • Shirley has a 17-year-old daughter whose ambition is to be a photographer.
  • This is the book whose title I couldn't remember.
• Activity for Relative Pronouns

  • My brother, whom I admire, decided to give me his old baseball glove.
  • I always have a difficult time with people who chew food with open mouths.
  • My mom said I could not go to the Youth Camp that I enjoyed so much last year.
  • My sister visited the hospital in which she was born.
  • The teacher, whose students were in art class, went to speak to the principal.
  • The stranger with whom I chatted with earlier, appears to be my new roommate.
  • The President, whose credentials still remain undisclosed, addressed the nation.
  • My teacher, who is a very considerate person, allowed me to take the quiz even though I was late.
  • The room that is upstairs has not been cleaned in months.
  • The house that we used to stay in every summer is going to be sold soon.
• Indefinite Pronoun


  A pronoun that doesn't specifically identify what is referring to. They vaguely or generally refer to a person or thing.
• Usage of Indefinite Pronoun

  • Referring to an unknown person
  • Referring to a general amount
  • Referring to a totality or an absence
• Indefinite Pronoun

  • They can be used the same ways as nouns
  • They can function as a subject or an object in a sentence
• Subject

  • No one knows the answer to the given question.
• Object

  • She was talking to someone on the phone.
• Feminist Literary Criticism


  Looks at literature assuming its production from a male-dominated perspective. It reexamines canonical works to show how gender stereotypes are involved in their functioning.
• Feminist Criticism


  • Examines images of women and concepts of the feminine in myth and literature
  • Uses the psychological, archetypal, and sociological approaches
  • Often focuses on female characters who have been neglected in previous criticism
• Feminist Criticism


  Feminist critics attempt to correct or supplement what they regard as a predominantly male-dominated critical perspective
• Feminist critics attempt to correct or supplement what they regard as a predominantly male-dominated critical perspective
• Poem: You Foolish Men

  The poem explores ideas of gender and frustration regarding the treatment of women by a patriarchal society
• Adverbs


  Words that usually modify (limit or restrict) the meaning of verbs. They can also modify adjectives, other adverbs, phrases, and sentences.
• Adverbs


  • They answer the questions: when, where, how, how much, how long, how often
  • Most adverbs are formed by adding -ly to an adjective
• Types of Adverbs

  • Adverbs of Time
  • Adverbs of Place
  • Adverbs of Manner
  • Adverbs of Frequency
  • Adverbs of Degree
  • Interrogative Adverbs
  • Relative Adverbs
  • Sentence Adverbs
• Adverbs of Time

  • We are going to see a movie tomorrow.
  • My daughter hasn't learned how to tie her shoes yet.
  • Recently, Trevor got a job as a construction worker.
• Adverbs of Place

  • I can't find my keys anywhere.
  • She loves to spend sunny afternoons outside by the pool.
  • The lost travelers went north until they found a small town.
• Adverbs of Manner

  • The clown skillfully made animals out of balloons.
  • She bravely rescued a kitten from a tree.
  • Natalie wisely took an extra umbrella with her.
• Adverbs of Frequency

  • I usually put butter and syrup on my pancakes.
  • She never drives on slippery roads.
  • Sometimes, Mark gets coffee for his coworkers.
• Adverbs of Degree

  • It is really hot in the basement.
  • That book is much too expensive.
  • He barely knew how to cook at all.
• Interrogative Adverbs


  • Why did you leave the party early?
  • When is your schedule flight?
  • Where did you park my car?
• Relative Adverbs

  • The woman, whom I used to see in the church every Sunday, was nowhere to be found.
  • The trainor, whose dogs are cleverly trained, continue with his training.
• Sentence Adverbs

  • Accidentally, America was founded by Columbus.
  • Recently, he bought an expensive ring for his girlfriend.
  • Hopefully, the survivors are getting the aid they need.