Enzymes

• An enzyme's active site contains amino acid residues with chemical groups that can form bonds with atoms on the substrate.
• The active site of an enzyme has a specific shape that fits only one type of molecule, called its substrate.
• Enzyme-substrate complex is formed when the substrate binds to an enzyme.
• Enzymes are highly specific in their action because they have only one or two binding sites and will catalyze only one reaction at a time.
• The shape of an enzyme's active site is complementary to its substrate, allowing it to bind specifically to the correct molecule.
• Enzymes work best under certain conditions such as pH and temperature.
• Enzymes act as catalysts by lowering the activation energy required for a reaction to take place.
• Protein structure refers to how the amino acids in a protein chain interact with each other.
• Catalysts are substances that increase the rate at which reactions occur without being used up or changed themselves.
• Denaturation occurs when an enzyme loses its tertiary structure due to changes in environmental factors like heat, cold, or extreme pH levels.
• Enzymes increase the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed themselves.