Literature

• Literature


  Comes from the Latin word "litera" which means letter
• Literature


  A piece of printed work connected to the thoughts and expressions of the people
• Types of Literature

  • Prose
  • Poetry
• Prose


  Written or oral language without metrical control
• Poetry


  Imaginative articulation of emotion, thought or narrative, frequently in a metrical form and figurative sense
• Poetry has traditionally been differentiated from prose by rhyme or meter
• Poetry


  Refers to those expressions in verse, with measure and rhyme, line and stanza and has a more melodious tone
• Types of Prose

  • Novel
  • Short story
  • Drama
  • Myth
  • Fable
  • Fiction
  • Essay
  • Biography
  • News report
  • Lecture
• Novel


  Long narrative divided into chapters, events are taken from true-to-life stories, span a long period of time, many characters are involved
• Short story


  Narrative involving one or more characters, one plot and one single impression
• Drama


  Presented on a stage, divided into acts and have many scenes
• Myth


  Fictitious narratives usually about origins of things, events or natural phenomena
• Fable


  Fictitious stories that deal with animals and inanimate things which speak and act like people, their purpose is to enlighten the minds of children to events that can mold their ways and attitudes
• Fiction


  Merely products of the writer's imagination, the main aim is to bring out lessons to the reader, can be stories about animals or children
• Essay


  Expresses the viewpoint or opinion of the writer about a particular problem or event, best example is the editorial page of a newspaper
• Biography


  Deals with the life of a person
• News report


  Report of everyday events
• Types of Poetry

  • Narrative poetry
  • Lyric poetry
  • Dramatic poetry
• Narrative poetry


  Form that describes important events in life either real or imaginary
• Varieties of narrative poetry

  • Epic
  • Metrical tale
  • Ballads
• Epic


  Extended narrative about heroic exploits under supernatural control, may deal with heroes and gods
• Metrical tale


  Narrative which is written in verse, classified either as a ballad or a metrical romance
• Ballads


  Considered the shortest and simplest of the narrative poems, have simple structures and tell of a single incident
• Lyric poetry


  Refers to poetry meant to be sung to the accompaniment of a lyre, applies to any type of poetry that expresses emotions and feelings of the poet, usually short, simple and easy to understand
• Types of lyric poetry

  • Folksongs (Awiting bayan)
  • Sonnets
  • Elegy
  • Ode
  • Psalm (Dalit)
  • Song (Awit)
  • Corridos (Kuridos)
• Folksongs (Awiting bayan)


  Short poems intended to be sung, common theme is love, despair, grief, doubt, joy, hope and sorrow
• Sonnets


  Lyric poems of 14 lines dealing with an emotion, a feeling or an idea
• Elegy


  Lyric poem which expresses feelings of grief
• Ode


  Poem of noble feeling, expressed with dignity, no definite number of syllables or definite number of lines in a stanza
• Psalm (Dalit)


  Song praising God or the saints
• Song (Awit)


  Has a measure of 12 syllables, slowly sung to accompaniment of a guitar or bandurria
• Corridos (Kuridos)


  Measures of 8 syllables, recited to a martial beat
• Types of dramatic poetry

  • Comedy
  • Melodrama
  • Tragedy
  • Farce
  • Social poems
  • Riddles
  • Proverb
• Comedy


  Comes from the Greek term "komos" meaning festivity and revelry, written with the purpose of amusing people and usually has a happy ending
• Melodrama


  Usually used in musical plays with the opera, arouses immediate and intense emotion, usually sad but there is a happy ending for the principal character, related to tragedy
• Tragedy


  Involves the hero struggling mightily against dynamic forces
• Farce


  Exaggerated comedy, situations are too ridiculous to be true
• Social poems


  Either purely comic or tragic and picture the life of today, may aim to bring about changes in the social conditions
• Riddles


  Statements or questions or phrases having double or veiled meanings
• Proverb


  Simple and concrete saying popularly known and repeated, which expresses a truth based on common sense or the practical experience of humanity, often metaphorical, a proverb that describes a basic rule of conduct may also be known as a maxim