Ecosystem Biodiversity ppt

• Biodiversity


  A measure of how many different species live in an ecosystem. A term that describes how diverse living things are in a specific area. Organisms such as plants and animals, small or big, are part of biodiversity.
• "Organisms are economically and ecologically valuable"
• Ecosystem Stability


  The capability of a natural system to apply self-regulating mechanisms to return to a steady state after an outside disturbance.
• Importance of organisms

  • Their products are sources of food, medicine, clothing, shelter, and energy. They maintain balance in the ecosystem by performing their specific roles. Some maintain the quality of bodies of water. Prevent soil erosion and floods, cycle minerals in the soil and absorb pollutants. Others feed on insects and pests which control the population of organisms in a certain environment.
• Value of species

  • Direct Economic Value
  • Indirect Economic Value
  • Aesthetic Value
• Direct Economic Value


  • Plants absorbing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen
  • Waste of animals turned into biogas
  • Woods turned into furniture
  • Fishes maintaining the pH level of bodies of water
  • Plants used in parks
  • Eggs, milk and meat from poultry animals
  • Rubber trees to make shoes
• Indirect Economic Value

  • Phytoplankton helping in fixing the earth's ozone layer
  • Carabao helping farmers in plowing the fields
• Aesthetic Value


  • Flower orchids used to make leis for visitors
• Genetic Diversity


  The variety of genetic material within a species or a population.
• Species Diversity


  The number and abundance of species present in different communities. It has two constituents: Species richness (number of different species) and Species evenness (relative abundance of individuals of each species).
• Ecosystem Diversity


  The variety of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems found in an area or on the earth.
• Functional Diversity

  The biological and chemical processes such as energy flow and matter recycling needed for the survival of species, communities, and ecosystems.
• Ecosystems with high biodiversity have many different species of organisms. Ecosystems with low biodiversity do not have many different species of organisms.
• The higher the biodiversity the more stable the ecosystem (stays the same)
• An ecosystem with high biodiversity does not change easily; it is stable
• An ecosystem with low biodiversity is unstable

• One small change could cause many species to die in a low biodiversity ecosystem

• Environmental change in an ecosystem with low biodiversity can even cause extinction of a species
• Invasive species


  Non-native species of organisms in an ecosystem that reproduce quickly and have few natural predators. They decrease biodiversity in an ecosystem by taking over food and space from native species.
• Population


  A group of organisms of the same species that live in a certain area or community.
• Population Density


  The number of organisms per unit area.
• Carrying Capacity


  The maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain, given the food, habitat, water, and other resources available.
• Population cannot grow without limit due to factors like food or nutrient limitation, pollutants, climate extremes, disease, competition, and predation.
• Density Independent Factors


  Factors that can have either a positive or negative correlation to population size, such as disease, competition, and predation.
• Density Dependent Factors


  Factors that include food or nutrient limitation, pollutants in the environment, and climate extremes, including seasonal cycles and catastrophic events.