PMTP LEC

• Venipuncture


  The process of obtaining a blood sample from a vein
• Venipuncture procedure

  1. Review and accession the test request

  2. Identify the patient

  3. Verify the patient's diet restrictions and latex sensitivity

  4. Proper bedside manner and handling special situations associated with patient contact

  5. Assemble equipment and supplies

  6. Wash hands and put on gloves

  7. Reassure patient

  8. Position patient: select vein, release tourniquet, and ask patient to open fist

  9. Clean and air-dry the site

  10. Verify equipment and tube selection

  11. Ask the patient to remake a fist, anchor the vein, and insert needle

  12. Fill the syringe/tube

  13. Withdraw the needle

  14. Engage in safety device

  15. Dispose of sharps

  16. Transfer blood to evacuated tubes

  17. Properly label the tubes
• Requisition form


  • Contains required information to be checked
  • Tests to be collected
  • Dietary restrictions or special conditions
  • Test status
• Evacuated tube system


  • Select the appropriate tube
  • Use a 23-g butterfly needle
  • Twist the cap of rubber-sleeved needle to expose it
  • Screw this end to the tube holder
  • Place the first tube in the holder
  • Position the tube in the holder
• Winged Infusion Set

  • Use a 23-g butterfly needle
  • Inspect package before aseptically opening and removing the butterfly
  • Attach the butterfly to an ETS holder or syringe barrel
• Syringe System


  • Select the appropriate syringe and needle
  • Inspect needles for defects
  • Test the plunger before opening the sterile package
  • Aseptically open the package
  • Securely attach the needle to the syringe
• Syringe transfer device can be used to transfer blood to evacuated tubes
• Blood can be transferred to evacuated tubes without a transfer device
• Special populations

  • Pediatric
  • Geriatric
  • Long-term Care Patients
• STAT means immediately
• MED EMERG is one of the first priorities
• TIMED is the timing of collection
• ASAP IS second/third priority
• the common amount of time needed when a patient undergoes fasting is 8-12 hours
• nothing by mouth or non per orem
• first priority includes STAT and MED EMERG
• SECOND PRIORITY includes TIMED
• SECOND/THIRD PRIORITY includes ASAP, PREOP, POSTOP
• FASTING is the FOURTH PRIORITY
• Identifying the patient is the most important step in specimen collection
• always ask patient to state name and DOB
• STEP 1: REVIEW AND ACCESSION THE TEST REQUEST
• STEP 2: IDENTIFY THE PATIENT
• STEP 3: VERIFY THE PATIENT’S DIET RESTRICTIONS AND LATEX SENSITIVITY
• do not use latex items for patients with latex allergy\
• Bedside Manner – behavior of healthcare worker as perceived by the patient (OPD or IPD)
• DNR means DO NOT RESUSCITATE
• STEP 5: Assemble equipment and supplies
• two methods of Hand Hygiene: Hand rubbing and Hand washing
• STEP 7: REASSURE PATIENT
• STEP 8: POSITION PATIENT
• Out-patient – seated on a phlebotomy chair
• Apply tourniquet 3 to 4 inches above the puncture site
• STEP 9: APPLY TOURNIQUET
• hemoconcentration happens when tourniquet is applied for more than a minute
• STEP 10: ASK PATIENT TO ME A FIST
• clenching fist increases palpability of vein
• Palpation – locating veins by sight and touch (rolling of fingers on the sight)
• Antecubital fossa – preferred venipuncture site
• STEP 11: Site Selection: