Chapter 3

• Embodied Beings


  brought by our embodied existence
• Embodied Existence


  many things related to our existence is related to our bodies; Age, Sex, Relationship, etc.
• Trans go beyond
• Scander

  Climb
• The Body as Transendence


  There are so many things that we can’t change about our lives because of our bodies, we hardly see that the body also opens possibilities
• The paradox of possibilities in limitations


  it teaches us to be thankful that we cannot be everything, because trying to be so would end us up being nothing at all

  It is through our limitations that possibilities become real
• Eduardo Galeano


  The Church says: the body is a sin. Science says: the body is a machine. Advertising says: The body is a business. The Body says: I am a fiesta
• Plato


  the soul, "is the giver of life to the body, the permanent, changeless and divine element as opposed to the changing, transitory and perishable body
• Saint Augustine

  • Medieval Christian Philosopher
  • true rest and fulfillment can be found in God, despite the distractions and urges of the body.
• Descartes

  • extension or a machine of the mind.
  • res cogitans (thinking thing) and res extenza (extended thing).
• Detachment 


  a disposition that works well with the mind
• Emotions 


  commonly understood as belonging to the scope of bodily functions.
• Perception over manual labor

  • seen in how we commonly regard human activities in terms of their degree of importance
  • judgment is influenced by this long-held hierarchy we make between the soul/mind and the body.
• View against woman

  • how the functions of the body emotions, appetite and reproduction have been associated with the function of women
  • Feminist philosophers have attacked this unproblematized mentality through many approaches.
• Phenomenology

  • founded by Edmund Husserl in the early 20th century
  • aims to reconnect philosophy with lived experience.
  • challenges the abstraction of philosophy and highlights the disconnect between philosophical discourse and everyday life
• Gabriel Marcel 


  emphasizes the growing lack of sensitivity in society due to this detachment, leading to an indifference towards injustices.
• Marcel's metaphor of a broken watch 


  symbolizes the loss of emotional connection in modern society.
• Phenomenology


  urges a reconnection with the body and a return to embodied engagement with the world, fostering authenticity and empathy in our experiences.
• Body as an object


  Gabriel Marcel discusses how people often view their bodies as objects that they possess, treating them as tools for their needs and desires.
• The body as an object

  • Marcel acknowledges the inevitability of treating bodies as objects in certain contexts but warns against adopting this mindset as the general way of viewing ourselves.
  • emphasizes the importance of recognizing the deeper connection between oneself and one's body, moving beyond the notion of ownership to acknowledge the inseparability of identity from the body.
• The body as subject

  • Gabriel Marcel highlights the multifaceted relationship people have with their bodies, contrasting the transient nature of possessing material objects with the inseparability of the body from the self.
  • the body remains integral to one's identity and existence.
• Maurice Merleau-Ponty 


  delves into the inseparable connection between the mind and body, emphasizing that all experiences are inherently embodied.

  introduces the concept of "being-in-the-world,
• Shenti


  implies a person or self with all the connotations of the physical, social and the mindful.”
• Tao


  • the way of doing anything, or the pathway to some destination.
  • is the goal, the path and the journey all in one.