FOR FINALS

• Inquiry

  A learning process that motivates you to obtain knowledge or information about people, things, places, or events
• Inquiry model

  Helps you to process how inquiry is related to research
• Research

  A purposive and scientific process of gathering, analyzing, organizing, presenting, and interpreting data
• Research

  Derived from the old French word "cerchier" which means to "seek or search"
• Search

  To investigate
• Research

  Literally means "to investigate again"
• Characteristics of the researcher

  • Intellectual Curiosity
  • Prudence
  • Intellectual Honesty
  • Intellectual Creativity
• Qualities of a Good Researcher

  • Research Oriented
  • Scientific
  • Active
  • Creative
  • Effective
  • Efficient
  • Resourceful
  • Honest
  • Economical
  • Religious
• Types of Research (based on application)

  • Pure Research
  • Applied Research
• Types of Research (based on data needed)

  • Qualitative Research
  • Quantitative Research
• Approaches to Research

  • Scientific Approach
  • Naturalistic Approach
  • Triangulation Approach
• The Scientific Method of Research

  • Determining the Problem
  • Forming Hypothesis
  • Doing the Library Research
  • Designing the Study
  • Developing the instruments for collecting data
  • Collecting the Data
  • Analyzing the Data
  • Determining the implication and conclusions from findings
  • Making recommendations for future research
• Ethics

  A branch of philosophy that deals with the rightness or wrongness of an act
• Guidelines in Choosing a Research Topic

  • Interest in the Subject Matter
  • Availability of Information
  • Timeliness and Relevance of the Topic
  • Limitations on the Subject
  • Personal Resources
• Topics to Avoid

  • Controversial issues
  • Very new topics
  • Personal bias and discriminating topics
  • Supernatural and paranormal topics
  • Political conflicts
  • How to commit crimes
• Things to consider in selecting a topic

  • Time frame for completion
  • Benefit to the community
  • Focus on a specific area of knowledge
  • Interesting to the readers
  • Measurable and observable
• Sources of Research Topics

  • Specialization
  • Mass Media Communication
  • Periodicals and Journals
  • Work Experience
  • Thesis and Dissertation
  • Creative ideas of a researcher
• Elements of a Research Title

  • The subject matter or topic to be investigated
  • The place or locale where the research is to be conducted
  • The population or universe from who the data are to be collected
  • The TIME period of the study
• Background of the Study

  • Presentation of the problem
  • Historical background of the problem
  • Geographical conditions of the study locale
  • Rationale of the study
• Objectives of the Study

  Research objectives describe what your research project intends to accomplish
• Research Question / Statement of the Problem

  A statement of the purpose of the study and a series of questions that will help in researching the topic
• Assumptions

  Realistic expectations that we believe to be true, and provide a basis to develop theories, research instruments and influence the development and implementation of the research process
• Theoretical Framework

  A foundational review of existing theories that serves as a roadmap for developing the arguments you will use in your own work
• Scope and Delimitation

  A description of what is included in the study and what is not included
• Significance of the Study

  A list of the people or institutions who will benefit from the study and how they will benefit
• Definition of Terms

  Definitions that enable communication through better understanding or translation
• Related Literature

  Gives the researcher a complete understanding of what is known about a given topic
• Related Studies

  Studies, inquiries or investigations already conducted to which the present proposed study is related or has some bearing or similarity
• Types of Sources of RRL and RRS

  • Primary Source
  • Secondary Source
  • Tertiary Source
• List of Sources of RRL and RRS

  • Books, Encyclopedia, Almanac and other similar references
  • Articles published in professional journals, magazines, periodicals, newspapers and other publications
  • Manuscript, monographs, memoirs, speeches, letters and diaries
  • Unpublished thesis and dissertations
  • The constitution and laws and statues of the land
  • Bulletins, circulars and orders emanating from government offices and departments
  • Records of schools, public and private
  • Reports from seminars, educational or otherwise
  • Official reports of all kinds
  • Movies and films
• RRL Abbreviations

  • et al.
  • Comp.
  • ed.
  • Ed. Or Eds.
  • n.d.
  • nap
  • No
  • p. or pp.
  • para.
  • Rev. ed.
  • Trans.
  • Vol or Vols.
• Citation Styles

  • American Psychological Association (APA)
  • Modern Language Association (MLA)
  • Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS)