Unit VIII Part II - Treatment

• insight therapies aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person's awareness of underlying motives and defenses
• biomedical therapy are prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology.
• eclectic approach is an approach to psychotherapy that uses techniques from various forms of therapy.
• psychoanalysis is Sigmund Freud's therapeutic technique used in treating psychological disorders. Freud believed the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences—and the therapist's interpretations of them—released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.
• client-centered therapy is a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within an accepting, genuine, empathic environment to facilitate clients' growth. (Also called person-centered therapy.)
• active listening is empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client-centered therapy.
• behavior therapy is a type of therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.
• counterconditioning is behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; including exposure therapies and aversive conditioning.
• exposure therapies are behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imaginary or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid.
• aversive conditioning is a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).
• token economy is an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange tokens for privileges or treats.
• cognitive therapy is a type of therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.
• cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior).
• group therapy is a type of therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, providing benefits from group interaction.
• family therapy is a type of therapy that treats people in the context of their family system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members.
• electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)is a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.