Art Appreciation Midterm

• Prehistoric art (cave art)


  All artworks produced by ancient men before any preconceived culture and known methods of writing and record keeping ever existed, simply meaning art before history
• Cave Painting or Petrograph

  Parietal art, which involves the application of color pigments on the walls, floors, or ceilings of ancient rock dwellings inhabited by prehistoric man
• Types of cave paintings

  • Monochrome
  • Polychrome
• Cave Drawing or petroglyps


  Engraved drawing, that is, etched or done by cutting lines on the rock surface with a sharp object probably a flint or stone tool, rather than one made by drawing lines with charcoal or manganese
• Stone age artist painted both predator and game animals. Pictures of human are rarely shown. Found more dozen of wall paintings that are more than 65,000 years old. At Cueva de los aviones. A cave in spain.
• Paleolithic Period (Old Stone Age)


  Time when primitive cave artworks were created with the use of primitive stone tools by primitive men. Represented by naturalistic images of prey animals and the men that hunted them. Prehistoric caves were also heavily decorated with painted hand-stenciled rock art.
• Neolithic Period (New stone Age)


  Time when man began to develop culture and change his lifestyle. Neolithic art reflected the great shift in living condition, with civilization creating communities that grew crops and tamed wild animals.
• The Philippines as a colony of Spain, Japan and US. Cave Paintings in municipality of Binangonan province of rizal. The angono petroglyps. it was discovered by the national artist "Carlos Botong Francisco" in 1965.
• Types of Petrographic in the Philippines

  • Charcoal drawings on cave walls in Penablanca Cagayan province
  • Singnapan caves in southern palawan
  • Red Hematite prints in Andia Peninsula, bohol province
• Burial Jars


  Secondary burial jars found in Manunggul Cave, Lipuun point, Palawan in early 1960's. Manunggul Jar or Burial Jar perceived as a work cultural treasures. It is perceived as a work of craftsman, a master potter. The image on top of the jar cover is a boat with two human figures representing two souls on a voyage to the after life. It clearly show the belief of Filipino people in life after death.
• Earthenware Pots


  Found in ayubCave in Pinol,Maltum, Saranggani province. Resembling human figures. Used as secondary burial jars and dated to the Metal Age about 5-BC A.D. Indicates high level of craftmanship.
• Classical art


  Art form from Greece and Rome. Classicism in the arts favors classical period.
• Classical period


  General term describing the long period of time in cultural history when the mediterranean sea was the center.
• Ancient Greek and Greek art has been held as the standard or measure by which all later will be judged. It has shaped our minds of what perfection should look like.
• Stone figures


  • Kauroi
• Greeks Golden Age or the Classical period of ancient Greece


  Time when the greeks achieved new heights in art, architecture, theater and philosophy. Democracy in Athens was improved under the leadership of Pericles.
• Parthenon


  A temple devoted to athena on the acropolis. Pericles as the leader of Athens. Pheidas created a new statue of athena.
• Famous Greeks


  • Pythagoras
  • Socrates
• Chryselephantine


  Made of gold and ivory
• Greatest known works of the classical period

  • Massive statue of zeus at Olympia
  • Statue of athena Parthenos in parthenon
• Greeks were described as idealistic, imaginative and spiritual while the romans is bounded to what they saw in the world. Almost no paintings survived the ages until the 20th century.
• Ancient greeks paintings


  Subjects included snake-haired medusas, dancing girl, Olympic athletes and gods. It uses linear perspective.
• Scenography


  Shading of the front and the retreating sides, and the correspondence of all lines to the vanishing point.
• Rome or Rome art


  Most powerful nation on earth, during the emperor trajan, from this era and later served models for architects of the Italian renaissance. The romans were practical people and wanted their art and architecture to be useful.
• In 600 B.C etruscans were the most poweful people in Italy. religion was a common subject.
• Medieval period


  Art covered almost ten centuries, all works were commissioned by religious authorities
• Medieval Architecture


  Architectural styles in medieval Europe during the middle ages, predominantly related to the building of sacred buildings, such as churches.
• Churches


  Primary structure signifying Christian faith. Expression of faith, channel of creative energy. The roman basilica was the primary model of medieval religious architecture and the latin cross was common.
• Romanesque


  Architectural style, developed from Carolingian and ottoman models.
• Gothic Architecture


  New style in architecture and design referred to as French style. Was light, graceful and mostly spacious in nature.
• Byzantine Architecture


  Characterized by massive domes with square bases and rounded arches and spires and much use of glass mosaics.
• Types of medieval art

  • Illuminated Manuscript
  • Metal Work
  • Panel Painting
  • Embroidery
  • Ceramics
  • Mosaics
  • Sculptures
  • Stained Glass
  • Heraldry
• Illuminated Manuscript


  Religious text decorated with rich colors, often featured the use of gold and silver.
• Illuminate


  Embellishment of a manuscript with luminous colors (especially gold)
• Illuminators


  Artists who produced the luxurious artwork on illuminated manuscript
• Metalwork


  Metals with great lusters such as silver and bronze were frequently use as mediums in the creation of religious artifacts. Commonly used as sculptures, jewelry and church doors.
• Panel Painting


  Painting done on a single or several pieces of wood board known as panel. The icons of byzantine art were usually featured and done as panel paintings.
• Silversmiths and goldsmiths


  Fine artists who used precious metals and produced new forms of jewelry.
• Paintings


  Medieval paintings included artworks in iconography, fresco and panel painting depicting religious scene.
• Fresco


  A type of painting commonly done on walls or ceilings applied with plaster.