Stress

• A dynamic condition in which an individual is confronted with an opportunity, constraint, or demand related to what he or she desires for which the outcome is perceived to be both uncertain and important

  stress
• forces that prevent individuals from doing what they desire 


  constraints
• the loss of something desired 


  DEMANDS
• Potential Sources of Stress:

  1. Environmental factors
  2. Organizational factors
  3. Individual factors
  4. [individual differences]
• Environmental factors:

  economic uncertainty, political uncertainty, technological uncertainty
• Organization factors:

  task demands, role demands, interpersonal demands, organizational structure, organizational leadership, organization's life stage
• Individual factors:

  Family problems, economic problems, personality
• Individual differences:

  Perception, job experience, social support, belief in locus of control, hostility
• Consequences of Stress( High Level of Stress)

  Physiological Symptoms

  Psychological Symptoms

  Behavioral Symptoms
• Physiological Symptoms:

  headaches, high blood pressure, heart disease
• Psychological symptoms:

  anxiety, depression, decrease in job satisfaction
• Behavioral Symptoms:

  productivity, absenteeism, turnover
• Stress can significantly hamper organizational behavior and employee productivity. 
• Stressed employees often struggle to concentrate, make decisions, and complete tasks efficiently. 
• This (stress) reduced productivity can lead to missed deadlines, errors, and a decline in the quality of work.
• Stress is related to worse job attitudes, higher turnover, and decreases in job performance in terms of both in-role performance and organizational citizenship behaviors.
• Research also shows that stressed individuals have lower organizational commitment than those who are less stressed.
• some of the impacts that stress can have on a business or organization:

  1. Absenteeism, presenteeism, and ill health
  2. Moral and motivation
  3. Staff turnover, recruitment, and training
  4. Productivity and efficeincy
  5. Customer service
• Employees who are stressed may be absent from work due to stress, they may come to work but not be able to perform their duties to the normal standards and they may suffer from other health problems developing from the stress 
• Employees who are stressed and coming into work are likely to be much less productive and efficient than usual and this combined with employee absences, low morale and motivation and staff turnover will have a negative impact on overall business and organization productivity and efficiency.
• Stress can therefore result in customer service issues and problems, with customer complaints and potential loss of customers.
• Stress and Job Satisfaction

  
• Managing Stress could be through:

  Individual approaches

  Organizational approaches
• Individual Approaches

  • Implementing time management
  • Increasing physical exercise
  • Relaxation training
  • Expanding social support network
• Organizational Approaches

  • Improved personnel selection and job placement
  • Training
  • Use of realistic goal setting
  • Redesigning of jobs
  • Increased employee involvement
  • Improved organizational communication
  • Offering employee sabbaticals
  • Establishment of corporate wellness programs
• So what can a business or organization do to prevent or minimize the above impacts? Here are some ideas:

  1.Redesign the work environment (physical surrondings)

  2.Culture of organization (support, belief, values, practices)

  3,Treatmemt of employees (clarity of job, communication, training)

  4. Resourcing of employees (if whether understaff, works for long and unreasoble hours)

  5.Scheduling and planning (unrealistic deadlines and work schedule)