chem

• CH4 + Br2 → CH3Br + HBr
• methane + bromine → bromomethane + hydrogen bromide
• alkenes are 


  more reactive due to the presence of the carbon-carbon double bond
• what charge is nitrate

  No3-
• what charge is hydroxide

  OH-
• what charge is sulphate

  So4 2-
• what charge is carbonate

  CO3 2-
• what charge is NH4

  NH4+
• As the molecules increase in size the intermolecular forces also increase as there are more electrons available
• simple molecular structures havelow melting and boiling points as there are only weak intermolecular forces acting between the molecules
• The covalent bonds within the graphite layers are very strong, but the layers are attracted to each other by weak intermolecular forces, so the layers can slide over each other making graphite soft and slippery
• group 1 metal + water ⟶  metal hydroxide + hydrogen
• Li, Na, K are put in the same group because they have one electron in their outer shell
• group 1 react with water to form a hydroxide and hydrogen
• group 1 reacts with oxygen to form an oxide
• Na floats because it is less dense water
• OH is alkaline
• H is acid
• Common sodium, potassium and ammonium compounds are soluble 
• All nitrates are soluble
• Common chlorides are soluble, except those of silver and lead (II)
• Common sulfates are soluble, except for those of barium, calcium and lead (II)
• Common carbonates are insoluble, except for those of sodium, potassium and ammonium
• Common hydroxides are insoluble, except for those of sodium, potassium and calcium (calcium hydroxide is slightly soluble)
• Acidic oxides react with water to produce acids.
• Acidic oxides react with bases and alkalis to produce salts
• Basic oxides are oxides of metal
• -strongly acidic (0–3)

  -weakly acidic (4–6)

  -neutral (7)

  -weakly alkaline (8–10)

  -strongly alkaline (11–14)
• add sulfate in distilled water, then add dilute HCl and barium chloride solution, white precipitate of barium sulfate
• carbon monoxide is poisonous because it reduced the ability of the blood to carry oxygen around the body
• cracking breaks long chain hydrocarbons into smaller molecules
• cracking breakings longer hydrocarbons into shorter chained hydrocarbons since they useful and profitable to sell, for example not enough short chain hydrocarbons to use as fuel for cars. Cracking also produces alkenes and can be made into polymers
• three main causes of acid rain are from sulfuric acid, carbon dioxide and nitrogen dioxide
• sulfuric acid are released when fossil fuels containing sulfur impurities are burned, it reacts with water to create an acidic solution therefore will react with clouds to form an acid which forms as rain
• nitrogen and oxygen react with high temperature and pressure to form nitrogen oxides which react with water to create acidic solutions
• covalent bonds are electrostatic attraction between nuclei and shared pair of electrons
• ionic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
• non- metallic solids in nature, such as Sulfur , Phosporous, carbon & Boron give ACIDIC OXIDES, when burnt in Air
• in molar enthalpy change, positive is endothermic reactions and negative is exothermic
• covalent bonds do not conduct electricity and solid ionic structures only conduct electricity when molten