Chem topic 7

• dipole

  uneven distribution of electrons in molecular/covalent compounds
• when electrons are shared unevenly, that is a...


  dipole
• atoms surrounded by electrons get a...

  partial negative charge
• why do partial charges allow for interactions in solutions

  partial charges act like magnets
• what causes an atom to have more pull

  more electrons
• when electrons are further away, there is...

  less pull
• electronegativity

  how strongly atoms attract bonding electrons to themselves
• when electrons are further away from atoms in shells, there is...

  less pull
• why do atoms with more shells have less pull?

  electron shells place more distance between electrons and the nucleus
• atoms with a full octet do not _ while atoms close to a full octet __

  pull, pull harder
• _ dissolves _

  like, like
• dipole moment

  measures degree of charge separation in a molecule
• what is shown on the Pauling scale?

  magnitude of dipole moment
• how can you tell the bond type?

  the difference in magnitude
• electron domain geometry

  where electrons reside around a central ion inside a molecule
• lone pairs

  non bonding electrons
• what kind of electron domain geometry is this?

  linear

  
• what kind of electron domain geometry is this?

  trigonal planar

  
• what kind of electron domain geometry is this?

  tetrahedral

  
• what kind of molecular geometry is this?

  bent (trigonal planar)

  
• what kind of molecular geometry is this?

  trigonal pyramidal (tetrahedral)

  
• what kind of molecular geometry is this?

  bent (tetrahedral)

  
• what is different about molecular geometry?

  it accounts for lone pairs
• when is there no net dipole?

  bonds pull in opposite directions (also point towards each other), cancel out
• when is there a net dipole?

  when bonds point in the same direction
• bond dipoles can happen while not having a...

  net dipole
• net dipole moment

  sum of all dipoles and their directions
• arrows will point to the more _ atom

  electronegative
• arrow size should account for _ in magnitude

  difference
• trigonal planar with the same atoms all around are...

  non polar
• trigonal planar with different atoms are...

  polar
• electron shielding

  when electrons are in shells further away from the nucleus, making it less electronegative
• intramolecular refers to the...

  types of bonds