Cards (8)

    • * high spatial resolution for fmris?
      • sr - extent to which scanner provides detailed image of brain
      • activation map produced highly accurate 1-2mm
      • significantly more detailed image than other techniques
      • eg maguires study used fmri over other imaging techniques - provides much more detailed image of hippocampus.
      • important as it shows us precisely wherever in brain is active during tasks/size of different localised regions
      • increases effectiveness
    • X low temporal resolution for fmris?
      • tr - accuracy of scanner in terms of how long it takes between brain activity & measurement being taken
      • fmri measures brain indirectly via blood flow so tr is low 3 sec delay
      • hard to determine cause & effect
      • when a study required immediate measurements of brain activity then eeg/erp equipment is much better.
      • important as it means we might not see brain activity in real time
      • means conclusions drawn not accurately measuring what they aim to measure
      • impacts overall appropriateness
    • * high temporal resolution for eegs?
      • tr - how quickly method can measure brain activity
      • this method measures brain activity via electrical impulses it means it picks up brain activity within milliseconds - real time
      • useful in siffres cave study on sleep - could see precisely how his sleep pattern had changed when living in cave.
      • important as it shows us brain activity in real time so can determine cause & effect between whats happening in environment & whats happening in terms of brain activity
      • increases effectiveness
    • X low spatial resolution for eegs?
      • sr - how precisely method shows imgae of actual brain activity
      • eegs have low sr of only generic & superficial brain areas
      • means it can tell you lobe but not exact cortex where activity is happening
      • not suitable for research on localisation of brain - do not give detailed image
      • ? appropriateness
      • not able to pinpoint areas that are specifically responsible for certain functions
      • could lead to issues with establishing causation
      • questioning how valid its a diagnostic tool for neurological conditions
    • * high temporal resolution for erps?
      • tr - how quickly method can measure brain activity
      • this method measures brain activity via electrical impulses
      • means it picks up brain activity within milliseconds
      • useful in libets study on free will & determinism as it could tell us precisely when brain activity occured & if it was before conscious decision.
      • important as we can precisely see when theres brain activity in particular region & in response to specific stimulus
      • allows for causality to be determined
      • increases effectiveness
    • X low spatial resolution for erps?
      • sr - how precisely method shows us an image of actual brain activity
      • erps have low sr of only generic & superficial brain areas
      • means it could tell you lobe but not exact cortex where actvity is happening
      • not suitable for research on localisation of brain - dont give detailed image
      • important suggests that erps are not appropriate method on localisation research
    • * high levels of detail than non invasive for post mortems?
      • if brain is carefully removed brain can be examined with high level of detail
      • eg hm case study researchers given access to brain after death & used hi tech equipment to create millions of slices of brain
      • were photographed in great detail to indiv neuronal level
      • means can see in great detail damage to areas of brain
      • can use this to infer functions of damaged areas
      • hippocampus damage - problems forming ltm
      • increases effectiveness
      • compare with neurotypical healthy one
      • improves treatment for disorders brain defects eg neurohabilitation
    • X doesnt show brain functions for post mortems?
      • brain no longer alive so any conclusions made about brain & influence on behaviour is retrospective
      • difficult to infer cause & effect between damaged areas of brain & behaviour irl
      • eg only infer lack of hippocampus causes memory loss
      • important as conclusions drawn from ph may lack validity
      • hm may have had memory loss due to other reasons
      • ? effectiveness
      • fmri scan whilst alive wouldve shown actual activity/inactivity during memory tasks & been more effective
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