Lecture 3/27

Created by

Ximena Reyna-Campozano

Cards (19)

What isotope allowed for science to support Van Niels hypothesis?
18O
What is mitosis?
distribution of identical genetic material into TWO daughter cells
How must DNA be passed in mitosis?
It must be passed from each generation without dilution, or major mistakes(mutations).
What are the 4 phases in the cell division cycle for mitosis?
M phase, G1, S, and G2
What type of cells are produced by mitosis?
Somatic cells
What type of cells are produced by meiosis?
Gametes
What is the purpose of Interphase in mitosis?
replicate a cell's chromosome to be able to divide into 2 viable cells
What happens to the somatic cells during S phase in mitosis?
Goes from having 46 unreplicated chromosomes to 46 replicated ones.
What happens during the S phase?
the cell has to copy every nucleotide on every one of its chromosomes
How many base pairs does a human cells have?
6.4 billion nucleotide base pairs
What happens to the replicated chromosomes in interphase approaching mitosis?
The centrosome has been duplicated but not separated yet
What happens in prophase?
The chromosomes condense and nucleolus disappears.
What happens during pro metaphase?
the nuclear envelope disintegrates and spindle microtubules bind to the chromosomes.
What happens during metaphase?
spindle fibers arrange replicated chromosomes in the metaphase plate
What happens during anaphase?
Each DNA molecule is moved toward one of the two centrosomes located at the cell poles
What is the classical experiment for the spindle movement of chromosomes?
Inject cells with a fluorescent molecule that bind to tubilin monomers, then photo bleach a spot in the MT spindle, and the photo bleached spot did not move.
What is cytokinesis?
The division of the cytoplasm during cell division.
When does cytokenisis occur?
Until mitosis is complete, and there is a full set of chromosomes at the poles of the cell.
What does cytokinesis need in animal cells?
Contractile ring( made of actin, myosin, and other proteins).