Government Accounting

• The government accounting process comprises the activities of analyzing, recording, classifying, summarizing and communicating transactions involving the receipt and disposition of government funds and property and interpreting results thereof. The process is similar to that business entity, except that it incorporates budgetary controls such as recording in the budget registries and preparing periodic budget accountability reports.
• RROR

  Registries of Revenue and Other Receipts
• used to monitor the budgeted amounts, actual collections and remittances of revenue and other receipts

  Registries of Revenue and Other Receipts
• RAPAL

  Registry of Appropriations and Allotments
• use to monitor appropriations and allotments. To ensure that allotments will not exceed appropriations

  Registry of Appropriations and Allotments
• RAOD

  Registries of Allotments, Obligation, and Disbursements
• RBUD

  Registries of Budget, Utilization, and Disbursement
• used to record the approved special budget and the corresponding utilization and disbursements charged to retained income

  Registries of Budget, Utilization, and Disbursements
• Classification of Expenditures

  • Personnel Services
  • Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses
  • Financial Expenses
  • Capital Outlays
• Pertain to all types of employee benefits, e.g. salaries, bonuses, allowances, cash gift etc.

  personnel services
• Pertain to various operating expenses, other than employee benefits and financial expenses e.g. travel utilities supplies and etc.

  Maintenance and other operating expenses
• pertain to finance cost e.g. interest expense bank charges which also includes losses and foreign exchange transaction

  Financial expenses
• pertain to capitalize expenditures expenditures and the construction of public structures, acquisition cost of equipment, etc.

  Capital outlays
• The commission on audit (COA) show keep the general accounts of the government and preserve the vouchers and other supporting documents.
• ORS

  Obligation request and status
• Obligations should be incurred through the issue of

  Obligation request and status
• The requesting office shall prepare this document, supported by valid claim documents like disbursement, vouchers, payroll, purchase or job orders, itinerary of, etc.
• The head of the requesting office shall certify the necessity and legality of the obligation and the validity of the supporting documents.
• The head of the budget division shall certify the availability of the allotment.
• NORSA

  Notice of obligation request and status adjustment
• If the obligation recorded in the RAOD and ORS above need to be adjusted, the subsequent adjustment shall be made through the use of Notice of Obligation Request and Status Adjustment.
• “ obligations” recorded in the registries (but not yet in the accounting books) I referred to as Not yet Due and demandable.
• an act of duly authorized official which binds the government immediate or eventual payment of a sum of money.

  Obligation
• May be referred to as a commitment that encompasses possible future liabilities based on ccurrent contractual agreement.

  Obligation
• Another term for liability.

  Obligation
• Used to determine the amount of allotments not covered by NCA and monitor the available balance of NCA.

  Registry of Allotments and Notice of Cash Allocation
• RANCA

  Registry of Allotment and Notice of Cash Allocation
• Used to determine the amount of allotments not covered by Noticed of Transfer of Allocation and to monitor the available balance of NTA.

  Registry of Allotment and Notice of Transfer of Allocation
• RANTA

  Registry of Allotment and Notice of Transfer of Allocation
• used to record transactions not recorded in the special journals

  General journal
• Used to record the Report of Collection and Deposit and Cash Receipt Register of collecting officers.

  Cash Receipt Journal
• RCD

  Report of collection and deposit
• prepared by collecting officer to report his/her collections and deposits to Authorized Government Depository Bank (AGDB)

  Report of Collection and Deposit
• AGDB

  Authorized Government Depository Bank
• used by field offices without a complete set of books, record their cash collections and deposit in the books of their mother unit.

  Cash Receipts Register
• CRReg

  Cash Receipts Register
• used to record the cash disbursements of the Disbursing Officer

  Cash Disbursement Journal
• used to record the check disbursements of the Disbursing Officer

  Check Disbursement Journal
• summarizes all transactions recorded in the journals

  General Ledger
• Show details of each control account in the general ledger

  Subsidiary Ledger