ionic bonding

• ion

  a charged particle that has lost or gained electrons
• metal atoms lose electrons and become positively charged ions

  (cations)
• non-metal atoms gain electrons and become negatiely charged ions (anions)
• • group 1 metals form +1 ions
  • group 2 metals form +2 ions
  • group 6 non-metals form -2 ions
  • group 7 non-metals form -1 ions
• -ide


  contains 2 elements
• -ate 


  contains 3+ elements including oxygen
• structure

  • lattice consists of regular arrangement of atoms
  • held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions
  • forces act in all directions

  
• ionic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.

  
• high melting and boiling points


  large amounts of energy needed to break bonds
• doesn't conduct electricity when solid

  ions are in a fixed position in the lattice
• does conduct electricity when molten or dissolved


  lattice breaks apart so ions are free to move
• noble gas configuration

  number of electrons in a shell