Micronutrients fat soluble vitamins

Cards (36)

  • What are vitamins?
    chemical substances naturally found in a range of unprocessed plant + animal foods.
  • Where are vitamins naturally found?
    range of unprocessed plant + animal foods e.g. Fruit + veg
  • Why do we need vitamins? 2 points
    - promote health
    - prevent diseases
  • Why are vitamins called micro nutrients?
    - they're needed by our bodies in Small Amounts everyday for a variety of different jobs
  • Some vitamins can be ..... by the body, but most .......... Fill in the gaps?
    Some vitamins can be STORED by the body, but most CANNOT.
  • What would happen if we didn't have vitamins in our body?
    - The body would show signs of deficiency.
    - symptoms would vary depending on missing vitamins
  • What are the 3 vitamin families?
    - ADEK (fat soluble vitamins)
    - ACE (anti - oxidants)
    - BC (Water soluble vitamins)
  • What type of vitamins are ADEK?
    fat soluble vitamins
  • What type of vitamins are 'BC' ?
    Water soluble vitamins
  • What are vitamins 'ACE' ?

    Antioxidants = they are 'ACE' for you!
  • What is each vitamin given?
    - a chemical name and a letter
  • What is the chemical name of (fat soluble) Vitamin A?
    Retinol - Beta carotene
  • Food sources of Vitamin A (retinol + beta carotene)

    - retinol = cheddar cheese, egg yolk, meat
    - Beta carotene = Spinach, kale, carrots (green leafy veg)
  • What is Vitamin A good for? KHHPB
    - Keeps skin healthy
    - helps children to grow
    - helps us see in dim light
    - produces mucus for mucus membranes
    - Beta Carotene = antioxidant
  • What happens if you have an Excess of Vitamin A (quite rare) ? 2 points
    - can be toxic (poisonous) to the body = excess vit A will build up in the liver.
    - damage the development of an unborn baby
  • What happens if you have a Deficiency of Vitamin A? ChSN
    - children don't grow properly
    - skin + mucus membranes become dry and infected = bodys immunse system is weakened
    - night blindness or total blindness to the eye = eyes become scarred and infected
  • What percentage of vitamin A comes from Retinol?
    75%
  • What % of vitamin A comes from Beta Carotene?
    25%
  • What is the chemical name of (fat soluble) vitamin D ?
    Cholecalciferol
  • Sources of Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) : 4 points
    - most comes from sunlight
    - oily fish (salmon, sardines)
    - eggs
    - meat
  • Why do we need Vitamin D ? clue: calcium
    - helps calcium to be deposited in bones + teeth
    - enables calcium to be absorbed from small intestine
  • What happens if we have an Excess of Vitamin D (quite rare) ?
    - too much calcium absorbed = lead to damage of kidneys and organs
  • What happens if we have a deficiency of Vitamin D ?
    - Children : bones + teeth won't strengthen
    - bones in leg will bend because of weight of body = Rickets
    - Adults: bones may start to weaken + break easily = osteomalacia.
  • What is the chemical name of (fat soluble) vitamin E ?
    Tocopherol
  • Sources of Vitamin E (tocopherol) : 4 points OSNP
    - olive oils
    - seeds
    - nuts
    - plant foods (soya)
  • Why do we need Vitamin E?
    Vitamin E = an antioxidant
  • What happens if we have an excess of vitamin E ?

    very rare
  • What happens if we have a deficiency of vitamin E ?
    very rare
  • What is the chemical name of (fat soluble) vitamin K ?
    Phylloquinone
  • Sources of Vitamin K (phylloquinone) : 4 points
    - green, leafy veg
    - liver
    - cheese
    - green tea
  • Why do we need Vitamin K?
    - enables blood to clot, when body is injured = prevents further loss of blood
  • What happens if you have a deficiency of Vitamin K (very rare) ?
    - can sometimes occur in new - born babies = why they're given a dose of vitamin K when born.
  • Why are new-born babies given a dose of vitamin K ?
    - they can sometimes lose some blood internally during birth process.
  • What are the 2 main groups that vitamins are classified into?
    - Water soluble vitamins (BC)
    - Fat Soluble vitamins (ADEK)
  • What happens to Beta carotene in the liver (vitamin A)?
    Beta Carotene is converted into retinol
  • Where is Retinol stored? (vitamin A)
    Liver