Biology

• Mechanical digestion definition 


  Involves physical actions that make chunks of food smaller
• What does mechanical digestion do? 


  Increases the surface area available for chemical digestion to occur
• Chemical digestion definition 


  Uses certain enzymes to break down nutrients into smaller molecules
• Where is bile produced 


  Liver
• Where is it stored 


  Gall bladder
• Where is bile released into 


  Small intestine
• Bile is what? 


  An alkaline
• What does Bile do to your stomach? 


  Neutralises the acid
• Name of stomach acid 


  Hydrochloric acid
• Bile makes the conditions of the stomach acid? 


  Neutral/alkaline
• Bile does what to fats? 


  Emulsifies fat
• Bile turns fats into?

  ‘tiny droplets’
• Enzymes in the small intestine work best in these alkaline conditions
• This gives a bigger surface area of the fats for lipase to work on
• Two types of cells:

  • Eukaryotic
  • prokaryotic
• What are prokaryotic cells (size and example)

  • Bacteria
  • 0.1-0.5
• What are eukaryotic cells? (Size and types)

  • Plants
  • fungi
  • protist
  • Animal cells
  • 10-100
• Different parts of the cell are called? 


  Sub cellular structure
• Nucleus does? 


  Contains genetic material.

  Genetic material controls what the cell does
• Cytoplasm does? 


  Where most of the chemical reactions happen
• Cell membrane does? 


  Controls what goes in and out of the cell
• Mitochondria does? 


  Most aerobic respiration happens

  Respiration transfers energy that cells need to work
• Ribsomes does? 


  Where proteins are made in cells
• Animal cells contain:

  • nucleus
  • cytoplasm
  • cell membrane
  • mitrochondia
  • ribsome
• 1. nucleus
  2. cytoplasm
  3. cell membrane
  4. mitrochondia
  5. ribsomes

  
• Cell wall does? 


  Made of cellulose

  It supports the cell and strengthens it.
• Permanent vacuole does? 


  Contains cell sap
• Chloroplast does? 


  Where photosynthesis happens.

  Photosynthesis makes food for The plants
• Plant cells contain:

  • nucleus
  • cytoplasm
  • cell membrane
  • mitrochondia
  • ribsomes
  • cell wall
  • permanent vacuole
  • chloroplast