health and immunity

• what is a pathogen


  a organism that causes disease to its host
• Influenza virus

  flu, viral pneumonia
• norovirus


  stomach flu
• ebolavirus


  ebola
• varicella-zoster


  chicken pox
• ways you get infected by a pathogen through indirect contact

  airborne transmission, contaminated objects, insect bites
• how does stomach acid help protect the body from pathogens

  it can kill bacteria within 15 min when the pH is less than 3.0
• how does white blood cells protect the body from pathogens

  white blood cells kill the diseases
• importance of good personal hygiene in prevention of pathogens


  it prevents the spread of diseases (for example: handwashing; people touch their mouth, nose, and eyes a lot and the disease can be spread fast through touch.)
• what kingdom does bacteria belong to

  prokaryotic kingdom Monera
• How can you treat bacteria causing illnesses and how does it work

  antibiotics kill the bacteria or stop them from multiplying. Such as destroying important parts like their cell wall or DNA. Antibiotics can also stop the growth of bacteria by preventing them from making certain proteins they need to multiply.
• Why aren't viruses thought to be cells

  Viruses aren't considered cells because they don't have a cell membrane or other organelles (like ribosomes or mitochondria) that cells have.
• why don't antibiotics work on viruses

  Viruses and bacteria also have a different structure and a different way of surviving. Viruses are surrounded by a protective protein coating; they don't have cell walls that can be attacked by antibiotics like bacteria does.
• How do you treat virus-causing diseases

  For most viral-causing diseases, treatments can only help with symptoms while you wait for your immune system to fight off the virus. But, there are some antiviral medicines to treat some diseases.
• How do vaccines work

  Vaccines contain weakened or inactive parts of a particular organism (antigen) that triggers an immune response within the body.
• What would happen if we overuse antibiotics

  It would change bacteria so much that antibiotics don't work against them
• ways you get infected by a pathogen through direct contact?

  droplet spread, person-to-person contact
• how does skin help protect the body from pathogens?

  Specialized immune cells within skin tissue help to fight invading organisms