Lesson 1: Chew it right!

• Biology - study of life
• stem cells - very good in generating body cells
• Digest - breaks down food consumed, turning to nutrients
• Cells - basic unit of life (all organisms are made of cells)
• 1. Cells
  2. Tissues
  3. Organs
  4. Organs Systems
  5. Organism (Human)
• One system in body is coordinated with other systems.
• Food - provides energy, promote growth, and sustain life.
• Carbohydrates, Fats, Oils, and Proteins are under Macronutrients.
• Carbohydrates - energy-giving foods; provides energy in the form of calories that the body needs to be able to work, and to support other function.
• Sugars, fibers, and starches are common carbohydrates.
• Carbohydrates provide our body with Glucose, which converts carbs into energy used to support bodily functions and physical activity.
• Sugar - increases Dopamine = “Happy hormones”
• Calories are the amount of energy released when your body breaks down food
• more calorie = more energy
• Fats - are also energy-giving foods. It provides twice as much energy per gram as carbohydrates.
• Protein - is an essential nutrient that builds muscle tissue and repairs cells.
• Fat is important because it helps absorb vitamins A, D, E, and K.
• Amino acids – building blocks of protein
• Vitamins - are organic substances found in small amounts in natural foods. They play important roles in many chemical reactions within the body.
• Vitamin C – strengthens our immune system so we can fight off germs and viruses.
• Carbohydrate – gives us energy to move around and do things.
• Water - is necessary for all life processes. The human body contains about 60% water.
• Carbohydrate – sugar or starch found in fruits, vegetables, grains, and milk products
• Iron – makes our blood healthy and strong.
• Vitamin B6 – helps us to have healthy skin, nerves, muscles, and blood cells.
• Vitamin B12 – keeps our nerve cells working properly and makes red blood cells.
• Fiber – whole grain bread, cereal, rice, pasta, fresh fruit (except bananas), dried fruit, raw vegetables, popcorn, oatmeal, bran flakes, and wheat germ
• Protein – builds muscles and keeps them working well.
• Protein – meat, fish, eggs, beans, nuts, peas, lentils, cheese, yogurt, and milk
• Fat – butter, oil, margarine, mayonnaise, salad dressing, cream, ice cream, chocolate, cake, cookies, chips, fried food, candy bars, doughnuts, hot dogs, sausage, bacon, ham, and other processed foods
• Protein – builds muscles, skin, hair, nails, and bones; makes enzymes that speed up chemical reactions in the body; carries oxygen throughout the body.
• Calcium – helps build strong bones and teeth.
• Fats are also called lipids
• Macronutrients- important for body growth, metabolism, and other body functions
• Each gram of carbohydrates provides 4 calories
• After eating carbs, the energy that is not used is stored in the muscles as glycogen or converted into fat in the liver
• The brain requires more energy from the glucose than the other organs do
• PDRI means Philippine Dietary Reference Intake
• RENI means Recommended Energy Nutrient Intake
• The person’s total daily calories should be made of approximately 55-70% carbohydrates