Coasts

• Coasts- Holderness Coast, Soft Management

  • Beach Nourishment: Hornsea and Mappleton, it was put in place to make the beach bigger so it absorbs more energy.
  • Managed Retreat: 1995 authorities stopped trying to protect the spit as it was to expensive to maintain.
  • Vegetation: Planting of vegetation to stabilize the sand dunes.
• Coasts- Holderness Coast, Hard Management

  • Groynes: In 1991 stone groynes were built at Mappleton, and others at Withernsea.
  • Rip Rap: In Withernsea 10 tonne granite boulders were put in place which cam from Norway.
  • Sea walls: In Withersea sea walls were put in place to reflect the waves energy.
  • Gabions: Put in place in Hornea, they are cages housing rocks to limit wave erosion on the coast.
• Coasts- Holderness Coast, Hazards

  • Loss of Farmland: Great Cowden Farm, Sheep and pig farms, cliffs collapsing.
  • Transport: Threat to important roads such as the B1242
  • Housing: Loss of housing, increased insurance premiums, properties devalued due to high risk of damage.
  • Businesses: Golden Sands Holiday Park had to move 12 caravans last year.
• Coasts- Holderness Coast, Opportunities

  • Fishing: Plentiful supply of cod from the North Sea, Bridlington is UK's number 1 port for lobster.
  • Tourism: Natural attractions such as Mappleton Beach and Bridlington bay attracting tourists.
  • Growth of employment opportunities, easily accessible from Midlands.
  • Energy: Offshore wind farms, Hornsea Project 2 (World's biggest wind farm)
• Coasts- Holderness Coast, Introduction Paragraph

  The Holderness coast is located on the North, East of England in a place called Yorkshire where it meets the North Sea. It extends 61km from Flamborough Head in the north, to Spurn Point in the south. The coastline is very exposed and has little protection from the large destructive waves coming from the North East. These waves have a long fetch across the North Sea. The Holderness Coast is Europe's fastest eroding coastline with and average of 2 m/year (up to 8.75 m/year). Due to unconsolidated boulder clay and strong waves.
• Coasts- Hurricane Mathew

  • Hit Florida October the 8th 2016 and lasted 3 days
  • Doubled it's speeds from 80 to 160mph within 24 hours
  • It travelled 3,000 miles
  • Haiti: 2.8 Billion Dollars worth of damage, 546 deaths in Haiti making Mathew the worst disaster since the 2010 earthquake.
  • Cuba: Over 1 million evacuated, as well as 218 shelters being opened.
  • USA: Several states issued states of emergency
  • Dominican republic: 8,500 people evacuated.