Urban challenges in LICS

• Makoko Slums of despair

  Due to rejection of the slum by the government, some residents were evicted and the slums are not supported so face challenges.

  Makoko is the worlds largest floating slum, in Lagos.
• What are the challenges in slums of despair?

  Social

  • Poor water supply, limited access to clean water infected due to sewage and lack of sanitation.
  • This leads to high rates of diseases and infections such as the waterborne disease cholera
  • High rates of crime such as drug dealing
  • Poor waste disposal, sanitation
  • In Makoko buildings flood such as schools due to poorly built housing
  • In Makoko buildings are made of poor weak materials, and buildings are overcrowded due to city authority opposition and threats to bulldoze
  • Economic - high unemployment or underemployment
• What are the positives in Rochina a Slum of hope?

  Due to government cooperation, funding, and improvement Rochina in Rio is a slum of hope

  Social

  • Infections and disease are under control
  • Tidy and well organised waste material an raw material
  • Housing imporvements such as site and service schemes and group aciton
  • Authorities provide infastructure such as roads buses, healthcare and education
  • There has been improved water supply more hygeine and sanitation