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CPHM (MIDTERM)
LESSON 2: PROJECT PLANNING
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Three phases of the planning process
Preparatory Phase
Planning Phase
Output
Two objects of the planning process
Planning for the programs and services
Planning for projects
One single output
A consolidated health program plan
A
community assessment
is an exercise by which a
collaborative partnership gathers information on
the current strengths, concerns, and conditions
of children, families, and the community.
COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT
The information comes from many sources
especially parents and family members- and is
elicited by many techniques, including interviews,
focus groups, and scanning demographic data
collected by local agencies.
COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT
focus on local assets (community), resources, and activities as well as gaps, barriers, or emerging needs that has been
identified. The process of identifying and appraising
this information will help your collaborative
partnership.
scanning
the community to locate existing
information,
developing
a family focus,
identifying
community assets and the degree to
which they are accessible to the people who can
benefit from them, and
analyzing
the information obtained through the first
three steps.
PROGRAM
Program
(
collection
) a series
of coordinated related multiple
projects that continue over
extended time intended to
achieve a goal.
PROGRAM
is comprised of multiple
projects and is created to
obtain broad organizational
or technical objectives.
PROJECT
Has an established and
specific objective
PROJECT
Has a defined life span
with a beginning and an
end
PROJECT
Usually the involvement of
several departments and
professionals.
PROJECT
Has specific time ,cost
performance
requirements
PROGRAM
consists of interrelated projects.
PROJECTS
focused on specific objectives.
NEEDS ASSESSMENT
Clarifying need is an essential part of deciding what
issue or problem the project will address.
‘needs assessment’
is used to describe a process of collecting information that will give a good indication of the priority needs of a community.
NEEDS ASSESSMENT
provides an opportunity for the community to
become involved in the planning from the
beginning.
NEEDS ASSESSMENT
It helps with allocating resources and making
decisions about where to start with health promotion
work.
CLASSIFYING NEEDS
When undertaking a needs assessment, it is
important to consider that needs will be thought
of differently, depending on whom you consult.
SHARING INFORMATION FROM THE NEEDS
ASSESSMENT
Raise community awareness about the
issues and possible underlying causes.
SHARING INFORMATION FROM THE NEEDS
ASSESSMENT
Allows the community to be involved
in
planning and decision-making about the
project.
SHARING INFORMATION FROM THE NEEDS
ASSESSMENT
Stimulate discussion about ways to address
the issues.
Baseline data
describe the situation or condition
at the time the project or intervention starts.
CONSIDER BASELINE DATA
Data collected later during the evaluation is then
compared against the baseline data to see the
effect of the project.
A
root cause analysis
is a class of problem
solving methods aimed at identifying the root
causes of the problems or events instead of simply
addressing the obvious symptoms.
ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS
The aim is to improve the quality of the products by using systematic ways in order to be effective (Bowen,
ASK WHY 5 TIMES
can be quite useful for getting to the
underlying causes of a problem. By identifying the
problem, and then asking "why" five times - getting
progressively deeper into the problem, the root
cause can be strategically identified and tackled.
The
failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)
is a
technique which is aimed to find various modes for
failure within a system.
FMEA
is often performed and updated any time a
new product or process is generated, when
changes are made to current conditions, or to the
design, when new regulations occur, or when there
is a problem determined through customer feedback.
FAULT TREE ANALYSIS
(
FTA
) Uses boolean logic to determine the root causes of an undesirable event. This technique is usually used
in risk analysis and safety analysis. At the top of
the fault tree, the undesirable result is listed. From
this event, all potential causes tree down from it.
Each potential cause is listed on the diagram in the
shape of an upside down tree.
CURRENT REALITY TREE (CRT)
analyzes a system at once. It
would be used when many problems exist and you
want to get to the root causes of all the problems.
The first step in creating a
current reality tree
is listing
all of the undesirables or problems. Then begin a
chart starting with each of those problems using
causal language (if...and...then). The tree will depict
each potential cause for a problem.
Eventually, the tree will show
one cause
that is linked
to all four problems.
The
Kepner-Tregoe technique
, also known as
rational process
, is intended to break a problem
down to its root cause.
One final technique used in root cause analyses is
the RPR Problem diagnosis. RPR stands for
"
Rapid Problem Resolution
" and it deals with
diagnosing the causes of recurrent problems.
Discover
- team members gather data and
analyze their findings.
See all 58 cards
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