ITP (im actually stressed)

• it occurs when a situation overwhelms a persons perceived ability to meet the demands of that situation


  stress
• The focus on the situations that cause stress is known as the

  stimulus view of stress
• focuses on the physiological changes that occur when someone encounters an excessively challenging situation

  response view of stress
• defines stress as a particular relationship between people and the situations

  relational view of stres
• Two major categories of stresas are

  major life events and daily hassles
• developed by Holmes and Rahe (1967)


  Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)
• It is an instrument that quantifies stress in term of major life changes.

  Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)
• is an assessment of what a situation means to us.

  primary appraisal
• we assess the resources available to cope with stress in process called

  secondary appraisal
• These systems include the circulatory system, to pump blood to large muscle groups during times of emergency, and the respiratory system, to provide the oxygen required so that those muscles can function,

  ANS
• It regulates the hormonal systems involved in emotions and stress

  neuroendocrine system
• The hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the adrenal glands are the key structures in the neuroendocrine regulation of stress responses.
• It links the nervous system to parts of the endocrine system relevant to emotions and stress

  hypothalamus
• control ANS activation


  catecholamines
• maintain the activation of physiological systems during emergencies.

  glucocorticoids
• Two major neuroendocrine pathways

  adrenal medullary system and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis
• here, the hypothalamus sends instructions to the brain stem to activate sympathetic neurons.

  adrenal medullary system
• activates the sympathetic response, increasing heart rate, rate of respiration, and blood pressure to make the body ready for action.

  norepinephrine
• regulates stress response


  HPA axis
• stimulates the pituitary to release ACTH

  corticotropin-releasing hormone
• then stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland to release stress hormone

  adrenocorticotropic hormone
• the major glucocorticoid produced in humans, which is commonly known as the "stress hormone."


  cortisol
• a three-stage model to describe the changes in physiology that occur during exposure to severe stressors.

  general adaptation syndrome
• austrian physiologist who proposed GAS

  Hans Selye
• describes the general pattern of responses to prolonged exposure to stress.

  GAS
• it is the body's emergency response to a threat.

  alarm stage
• it impiles that the organism tries to manage the threat.

  resistance stage
• the resources for fighting off threats have been depleted, and illness becomes much more likely.

  exhaustion stage
• -it is a more dynamic, responsive "resting" state which means that the body achieves stability through change

  allostasis
• Allo means


  different or changing
• it is the amount of wear and tear on the system to which the body must adapt becomes too much to bear.

  allostatic load
• this is how stress causes illness

  allostatic load
• it refers to anything people do to deal with or manage stress or emotions.

  coping
• these are strategies aim to change the situation that is creating stress.

  problem focused coping
• it aims to regulate experience of distress

  emotion focused coping
• it is the reevaluation of a situation in light of new information or additional thought.

  reappraisal
• attempting to separate oneself from an emotional experience.

  distancing
• wishful thinking or doing something to get one's mind off the situation.

  escape avoidance
• trying to regulate one's feelings or actions regarding the problem.

  self-control
• acknowledging one's role in the stress-eliciting situation.

  accepting responsibility