family and households

• Classic extended family


  Several related nuclear families or family members live in the same house, street or area.
• Privatized nuclear family

  Self-contained, self-reliant and home-centred family unit that is separated and isolated from extended kin, neighbours and local community life.
• Dependency culture


  set of beliefs and values centred on dependence on others, particularly the welfare state (government)
• monogamy


  Form of marriage in which a person can only be legally married to one partner at a time.
• Symmetrical family

  A family where the roles of the husband and wife or cohabiting partners have become more alike and equal.
• Cereal packet family

  The traditional image of the nuclear family presented through the media involving clearly defined male and female roles.
• Confluent love


  Giddens theory that both participants in a relationship only remain together if there is romantic love and both are mutually satisfied. Couples only remain together for their own emotional and self benefit.
• pure relationship


  A relationship where a couple choose to stay together because it meets their emotional and sexual needs.
• Secularisation


  decline in religion
• Domestic division of labour

  How household and childcare tasks are divided between family members
• new right family policies

  - this political party reinforced idea of nuclear family and conservative attitudes (1979-97)

  
  

  -the child support agency= make fathers pay maintenance for their children

  - single parent benefits cut to encourage parents to become more responsible for their children

  -introduction to married persons tax allowance= incentive for people to marry
• new labour policies


  first gov to address changes in family structure, accepted this

  
  

  -more generous maternity leave and introduced paternity leave= showed support to parents who work and fathers have increasing role in Childs life
• causes for divorce

  changes in the law

  rising expectations

  declining stigma &changing attitudes

  secularisation

  changes in position of women
• why marriage is decreasing

  changing position of women

  secularisation

  decline in stigma

  changing attitiudes to marriage

  fear of divorce
• cohabitation


  Living together without being married
• reasons for cohabitation

  
  

  alternative to marriage

  decline in stigma

  increased career opportunities
• changing family patterns

  cohabitation

  same sex relationships

  one person households

  living apart together

  single parent families
• living apart together


  a relationship in which two people define themselves as a couple but do not live together
• total fertility rate


  The average number of children born to a woman during her childbearing years.
• birth rate


  the number of births in a year for every 1,000 people in a population
• death rates


  the number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people in a population
• dependency ratio


  The relationship between the size of the working population and the non-working or dependent population
• general fertility rate


  The annual number of live births per 1000 women of childbearing (age 15-44)
• ageing population


  a population with a rising average age

  greater pop in retirement
• modified extended family


  related nuclear family, living apart geographically but still maintaining contact e.g calls, letters
• division of labour


  dividing work
• individualisation


  process in which individuals make own choices no longer influenced by society or traditional norms and values
• net migration


  The difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration.
• reconstituted families

  A new family that forms after the remarriage of a single parent, sometimes involving the blending of two families into a new one.

  stepfamilies