Sigmund Freud

• The preconscious mind contains memories and experiences that we can easily recall with effort but may not always be immediately accessible to us.
• The conscious mind represents our immediate awareness of thoughts, feelings, and sensations at any given moment.
• The preconscious mind contains memories and experiences that we can easily recall with effort.
• The conscious mind represents our immediate awareness of thoughts, feelings, and surroundings.
• Freud believed that the unconscious mind is responsible for our deepest desires, fears, and motivations, which are often hidden from conscious awareness.
• According to Freud's theory, the human psyche consists of three parts - the id, ego, and superego.
• The Id represents the primitive part of the personality that operates on the pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification without regard for reality or consequences.
• According to Freud's theory, the unconscious mind operates outside of our control and influences our actions without our knowledge or consent.
• Freud believed that the unconscious mind is responsible for many aspects of human behavior, including dreams, slips of the tongue, and irrational fears or phobias.
• Dreams are seen as a way for the unconscious mind to communicate with the conscious mind.
• According to Freud's theory, the unconscious mind consists of two main components: the id and the superego.
• Slips of the tongue (also known as "parapraxes") occur when people say something they didn't intend to say or reveal unintended meanings through their words.
• The id is the most primitive part of the personality, representing our basic instinctual drives such as sex and aggression.
• The ego is the rational and logical part of the personality, mediating between the demands of the id and the realities of the external world.
• The superego is the moral and ethical part of the personality, enforcing societal norms and values on the individual.
• Sigmund Freud was born on May 6th, 1856, in Freiberg, Moravia (now Pribor, Czech Republic).
• Freud proposed that humans have two basic drives - libido (sexual energy) and aggression (the death drive).
• The Ego is the rational and logical part of the personality that mediates between the demands of the id and the constraints of external reality.
• Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist who founded the field of psychoanalysis and developed theories about the structure and functioning of the human psyche.
• Repression involves pushing unwanted thoughts or feelings out of consciousness so that we don't have to deal with them.
• Denial occurs when individuals refuse to acknowledge unpleasant realities or situations.
• Parapraxes can be intentional or accidental, but they often reveal hidden desires or conflicts within an individual.
• The ego develops during childhood and acts as a mediator between the demands of the id and the constraints of reality.
• The superego represents our internalized moral values and conscience, helping us make decisions based on what we believe is right and wrong.
• Freud also developed the concept of transference, where patients project their emotions onto their therapist during therapy sessions.
• Projection happens when people attribute their own negative qualities onto others.
• Rationalization refers to making excuses or justifications for one's behavior without acknowledging its true motives.
• Displacement is when strong emotions are redirected towards less threatening targets.
• Projection refers to attributing one's own unacceptable impulses onto others.
• Displacement involves redirecting intense emotions from their original source to another object or person.
• Sublimation is the process by which socially unacceptable urges are transformed into more acceptable forms of behavior.
• Dream analysis involves interpreting symbols and themes in dreams to uncover their underlying meanings.
• Transference allows therapists to understand how clients relate to others outside of therapy and helps them address underlying issues.
• Freud's early work focused on hysteria, which he believed was caused by repressed memories or traumatic experiences.
• The id represents our basic instinctual drives and desires, such as hunger, thirst, sex, and aggression.
• Freud believed that humans have three levels of consciousness - conscious, preconscious, and unconscious.
• The Oedipus complex is a stage in psychosexual development where boys develop feelings of jealousy and competition with their fathers, while girls experience similar feelings toward their mothers.
• Sublimation is the process by which an individual channels their desires into more socially acceptable outlets.