dias reviewer

• Communication was used for hunting and gathering.

  Pre-literate Age
• Humans learned how to write characters and glyphs/symbols. Ability was improved during the print age when the printing press was invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the early 1400’s

  Literate Age
• Invention of various form of mass media, which later paved the way to the information and infrastructure age.

  Electronic Age
• When a communication expert views communication as a behavior and as an expression of inner thoughts, the perspective is toward psychology

  Psychology
• As mentioned, people come together to commune and form societies. As communication is the core of such formation, then the perspective is toward sociology.

  Sociology
• Communication makes cultural formation and maintenance possible as people share the meanings of codes and symbols. With communication becoming a way of life, this perspective lends itself toward anthropology

  Anthropology
• very quantitative, scientific, and empirical.


  American perspective
• also known as Wissenssoziologie, places interest          in communication and its relationship with culture;      thus, it primarily used interpretation as a method of    analysis. 


  European views
• Your personality is the product of your interaction with other people.

  Personal Identity and Health
• By engaging in conversations and later on uncovering certain aspects of yourself to other people, you are able to gain friends.

  Relationship Values
• Considered to be a popular collegiate degree due to the perception that communication is closely linked to professional success.

  Professional Values
• Participate in affairs of public interest (i.e., expressing your ideas and evaluating the idea of others).

  Societal Values
• View communication as a process of conveying a fixed quantity of information wherein message is determined by the sender or source.

  Transmission Models
• Shannon and Weaver’s Model
• Value communication in the context of shared understanding and emotions among communicators.

  Ritual or Expressive Model
• o   Often used to understand advertisements as they took into consideration how their message would received by the audiences.

  Publicity Model
• o   Concerned with how audiences understand or decode the messages received.

  Reception Models
• two models under reception model


  Schramm’s Model Berlo’s Model
• Also known as the levels of communication

  Breadth of Communication
• Engaged in self-introspection, reflection, or conscience checking.


  Intrapersonal Communication
• mediated communication—such as chatting through social media or mobile applications—where the sender and the receiver become two different entities who exchange messages through a channel (light or sound).

  Interpersonal Communication
• Members of small groups have equal chances of participating and engaging in the discussion.

  Small Group Communication
• A speaker addresses several listeners and these listeners only have a limited opportunity to feedback.

  Public Communication
• Demonstrated before the audiences, but these audiences are typically anonymous and are in larger aggregates

  Mass Communication
• Found in the fields of journalism, filmmaking, public relations and advertising, marketing, book publishing, music, education, and many more.

  Communication Practitioners
• because of its function of ensuring that everyone in the society is accountable of their actions

  Watchdog
• because of its function of cementing and protecting social values necessary for organizing society

  Vanguard
• because of its role of providing checks and balances in the function of the other estate

  Fourth Estate
• Consciously frames stories and news narrative as a subtle promotion of advocacies that can give voice to the marginalized. 

  Advocacy Journalism
• Present on radio and television.

  Broadcast Journalism
• Evolved to promote the active involvement of the public in the process of news gathering and delivery.

  Citizen Journalism
• Seen online or over the Web. It puts together the traditional elements of print journalism and the innovative means of the Internet.

  Interactive Journalism
• Utilizes images and photographs to tell the story.

  Photojournalism
• mastery of language use

  Grammar
• mastery of reasoning and argumentation.

  Logic
• mastery of public speaking.

  Rhetoric
• Individuals utilize communication for various reason.

  INDIVIDUALS
• Communication is crucial among organizations because they deal with informing, persuading, and promoting goodwill both internally

  ORGANIZATIONS
• Developing necessary communication skills is part and parcel of building a community.

  COMMUNITIES
• the encoder or creator of the message.

  Sender