IMIN Topic One

• You are born with your innate immune
• Your adaptive immune system eveolves with you through life
• Cellular components of the immune system;

  1. granulocytes
  2. macrophages
  3. lymphocytes
• Humoral components of the immune system;

  1. antibodies
  2. cytokines and chemokines
  3. antimicrobial factors
• Immunoglobulin


  protein consisting of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains that recognize an epitope
• Humoral Immunity 


  host defense mediated by antibodies in various body fluids including plasma, lymph, and tissue fluids
• Antiserum

  antibody containing blood plasma from immunized animals
• Passive Immunity 


  temporary adaptive immunity conferred by the transfer of immune products
• Antibody Proteins

  • b-cells create antibodies
  • b-lymphocytes
• Cytokines trigger immune cells to become more active bust must have a receptor to bind to
• cytokines regulate at the paracrine and autocrine level but rarely the endocrine level
• Innate immunity is the first and second line of defense and are non-specific
• Adaptive immunity is the third line of defense and are specific
• Innate Immunity has;

  • fixed or limited repsonse
  • immediate response
  • no lag time
• Adaptive immunity has;

  • diverse specificity
  • delayed response
  • lag time from exposure
• Cellular components of adaptive immunity;

  1. t cells
  2. b cells
• Humoral components of adaptive immuntiy;

  • antibodies
  • cytokines
• Pathogen 


  a disease causing infectious agent
• Pathogenesis 


  the mechanism by which disease causing organsims attack the host
• Four major categories of human pathogens

  1. viruses
  2. fungi
  3. parasites
  4. bacteria
• Routes of entry for pathogens;

  1. eyes
  2. skin wounds
  3. lymph nodes
• Examples of opportunisitc infections;

  1. tuberculosis
  2. shingles
  3. HPV
• Examples of autoimmune diseases;

  1. MS
  2. Asthma
  3. Rheumatoid arthritis