English 4th Qtr (M)

• Adjective clause


  A phrase that modifies or describes nouns/pronouns
• Relative pronouns used to introduce adjective clauses


  • who
  • whose
  • whom
  • which
  • that
  • where
• That


  Usually refers to things, typically does not use commas with that phrases
• Which


  Refers to things and animals, always uses commas with which phrases
• Who, whose, whom


  Refer to people (or beloved animals), do not require the use of a comma
• Adjective clauses are usually introduced by relative pronouns
• Adjectives modify nouns and pronouns by describing, identifying, or quantifying words
• Adjective clauses function like a multiword adjective, meaning that they are phrases that modify or describe nouns/pronouns
• noun - a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.
• pronoun - a word that replaces a noun in a sentence, e.g. he, she, it, them
• Analects of Confucius - the teachings that led to confucianism
• Analects - translated from the word lunyu meaning edited conversations
• legalism - ruling basing on strict laws
• Gongshi - naturally formed stones
• Nelson Mandela


  South Africa's first black president and Peace Prize laureate who is known for his anti-racism movement and love for democracy
• Apartheid system


  The political and economic supremacy of white citizens over the non-white citizens in South Africa
• Confucius


  An ancient Chinese thinker whose philosophical beliefs, moral values, and social principles influenced several Eastern countries
• 2nd founding stone


  The establishment of a democratic system which ensures that all citizens have an equal right and equal capacity to determine their future
• 1st founding stone


  National reconciliation and national unity
• 3rd founding stone


  The enormous race and gender disparities in wealth, income, and opportunity
• 4th founding stone


  Rebuilding and modernizing the economy and setting it on a high, sustainable growth path to end poverty, unemployment, and backwardness
• Adjective clauses are usually introduced by the relative pronouns who, that, which, whose, and whom
• Relative pronouns


  • who
  • that
  • which
  • whose
  • whom
• who


  Exclusively used for people and in some instances for animals that are given names of people
• which and that


  Generally used for people, things, and animals