Nervous system

• Spinal cord transfers messages to and from the brain and the rest of the body. The spinal cord is responsible for simple reflex actions that do not involve the brain e.g jumping out of a chair if you sit on a pin.
• The brain stem connects the brain and spinal cord and controls involuntary processes Inc breathing, heart beat and consciousness.
• The brain provides conscious awareness and is involved in all psychology processes.

  The brain consist of many regions which are responsible for different functions.

  occipital lobe processes visual information.

  -Temporal lobe processes auditory information.

  -The parietal lobe integrates information from the different senses and therefore plays an important role in spatial navigation.

  • frontal lobe is associated with higher-order functions inc planning, abstract reasoning and logic.
• The CNS:

  The brain stem and spinal cord both control involuntary processes e.g the brain stem control’s breathing and spinal cord controls involuntary reflexes.

  The brain provides conscious awareness and allows fir higher-order thinking, whereas spinal cord allows for simple reflex responses. 

  The brain consists of multiple regions responsible for different functions, whereas the spinal cord has one main function.
• The PNS: 

  The sympathetic nervous system and the somantic nervous system responds to external stimuli. The sympathetic nervous system responds to external stimuli by preparing the body for fight or flight and the somantic nervous system responds to external stimuli by carrying information from sensory receptors to the spinal cord and the brain.
• The PNS: 

  The ANS consists of 2 sub components, whereas the SNS only has one.

  Somantic nervous system has sensory and motor pathways whereas the ANS only has motor pathways.

  The ANS controls internal organs and glands, while the somantic nervous system controls muscles and movements.
• Sympathetic NS is typically involved in responses that prepare the body for fight or flight. Impulses travel from the SNS to organs in the body to help us prepare for actions when we are faced with dangerous situations. Eg heartrate, blood pressure increases, while less important function like digestion and desire to urinate are suppressed.
• Parasympathetic ns is to relax the body and return us to our 'normal’ resting state.it slows down our heart rate and breathing rate, and reduces blood pressure. Any functions that were previously slowed down during fight or flight reaction are started again. 
• ANS plays an important role in homeostasis, which maintains internal processes like body temperature, heart rate and blood pressure.
• The Somantic NS facilitates communication between the CNS and the outside world. It’s made up of sensory receptors that carry information to the spinal cord and brain, and motor pathways that allow the brain to control movement.

  SNS carries sensory information from the outside world to the brain and provide muscles responses via the motor pathways 
• Peripheral NS relay messages (nerve impulses) from the CNS to the rest of the body.