Chapter 29

• incontinence __ a normal part of aging?

  is not
• infants void __ to __ times per day?

  5-40
• adults void __ to __ times per day?

  5-10
• on average, a male voids __ mL each time?

  300-500
• on average, the female voids __ mL each time?

  250
• hourly output of urine should be?

  30 ml
• voiding 30 mL of urine per hour reflects?

  adequate kidney perfusion
• voiding once during the night is?

  normal
• to prevent chronic cystitis, increase fluids to __?

  2500-3000 mL
• if a person is prone to recurrent UTIs what should they avoid drinking?

  citrus juice/fruits
• emptying the bladder every __ to __ can help prevent recurrent UTIs?

  2-3 hr
• during the assessment phase for urinary elimination, you should obtain?

  history of usual urinary pattern
• each patient should void at least every __ unless catheter is in place?

  8 hour
• if voided amounts are small and intake is normal what should you do?

  palpate bladder
• what occurs at times of stress, infection, after strenous exercise or when theres a disorder of glomeruli?

  proteinuria
• what occurs when there is a bacterial infection in the kidney or bladder?

  pyuria
• what occurs when the patient is in ketoacidosis?

  ketouria
• occur in increased numbers in the presence of bacteria or protein and indicate urinary calculi (stones) or kidney disease?

  casts
• RBC greater than 0-2 cells may indicate?

  stone, tumor, cystitis
• bilirubin in the urine may suggest?

  liver disease, bile duct obstruction
• which side of the labia does the client clean first when collecting mid stream urine ?

  right
• the client should collect approximately how much urine w/ midstream catch?

  1 oz
• 24 hr urine specimen is used to determine the amount of a __ excreted through urine in 24 hr period?

  chemical
• if some urine is accidentally thrown out during 24 hr urine collection what do you do?

  start over
• to indicate that all urine is to be saved what should be posted over the toilet during 24 hr urine collection?

  sign
• if it is expected that the pt is developing a UTI, the provider may order what?

  culture & sensitivity
• a urine specimen should never be taken from the?

  drainage bag
• first step in collecting a urine specimen from indwelling catheter?

  clamp tubing
• leave the indwelling catheter clamps for how long?

  15-30 mins
• how much urine do you aspirate from indwelling catheter?

  3 mL
• ensure the urine specimen goes to the lab within ?

  15 mins
• if the urine specimen does not go to the lab in 15 mins what can you do?

  refrigerate
• when you need a urine specimen, inform the clients ___?


  in advance
• For the patient prone to urinary retention what should you do with each voiding?

  amount, palpate bladder
• Every patient who has an abnormality of urinary elimination should be placed?

  I&O
• the urinary commode is emptied when?

  after each use
• patient who have difficulty with hip flexion or have a hip replacement need to use what for urinary elimination?

  raised toilet seat
• if a bedpan is carried outside the room it should be?

  covered
• __ is used when patients are unable to sit on a regular size bedpan?

  fracture pan
• what is used for pt w/ MSK probs instead of bedpan?

  fracture pan