The general term for the sum of all the chemical processes taking place inside the cell, particularly the building or synthesizing of organic molecules and the breaking down of these organic molecules to release energy
Anabolism
The part of metabolism that builds up larger molecules, resulting in the production of new protoplasm and growth
Anabolism
Photosynthesis
Protein synthesis
Catabolism
The breaking down of complex substances resulting in the release of energy and the wearing up of cell protoplasm
Catabolism
Cellular respiration
Cellular respiration
A set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert chemical energy from nutrients or oxygen gas into ATP
Types of cellular respiration
Aerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration
Aerobic respiration
Occurs in the presence of oxygen
Anaerobic respiration
Occurs in the absence of oxygen
Plants and other photosynthetic organisms make their own glucose. For heterotrophs, glucose comes from the food they consume and oxygen from the air or water.
Stages of cellular respiration
1. Glycolysis
2. Second stage in mitochondrion
Glycolysis
The initial step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration where glucose, a six-carbon sugar, is broken down into two molecules of a three-carbon compound called pyruvate (or pyruvic acid)
For every molecule of glucose that enters glycolysis, 2 ATP molecules are consumed, 4 ATP molecules are produced (netting 2 ATP produced), and 2 NADH molecules are produced
