1.1 Structure of DNA

• State the 3 parts of a nucleotide.

  Phosphate group

  Deoxyribose sugar

  Nitrogenous base
• In a strand of nucleotides, what molecules are found at the 3’ end and 5’ ends?

  3’- Deoxyribose sugar

  5‘- Phosphate base
• Describe how DNA is arranged in a prokaryotic bacterial cell.

  Single circular chromosome

  Smaller circular plasmids
• Describe how DNA is arranged in a eukaryotic animal cell.

  Linear chromosomes in the nucleus

  Circular chromosomes in the mitochondria
• Describe how DNA is arranged in a eukaryotic plant cell.

  Linear chromosomes in the nucleus
• What do sugar-phosphate bonds create?

  Sugar-phosphate Backbone (strong chemical bond)
• State the structure of DNA.

  anti-parallel double stranded helix.
• State the complementary base pairings.

  Adenine-Thymine

  guanine-Cyostine
• What holds the base pairings together?

  Weak Hydrogen bonds
• What is found at the 3' end and the 5' end?

  3'- Deoxyribose sugar

  5'- Phosphate
• Prokaryotes have...


  -Single circular chromosomes in the cytoplasm

  -Smaller circular plasmids
• Eukaryotes have...


  -Linear chromosomes in the nucleus

  -Circular chromosomes In the mitochondria and chloroplast
• Prokaryotes include...

  bacteria and archaea
• Eukaryotes include...


  animals, plants, and fungi
• What is a plasmid?

  a circular piece of DNA
• yeast cells are...


  eukaryotic cells but contain plasmids