🧪Science: Plants & Pollination 🌷🐝

• Why are petals normally bright coloured?

  to attract insects
• What are the sepals of a flower?

  leaves that protect unopened buds
• what is the name of the female part of a flower?

  carpel
• what does the carpel include?

  stigma - sticky to catch grains of pollen

  style - holds up the stigma

  ovary - contains ovules, the female gamete (reproductive cell)s
• what is the name of the male part of a flower?

  stamen
• What does the stamen include?

  anther - produces pollen, the male gamete

  filament - holds up the anther
• Draw a diagram of a flower ->

  
• How are new plants made?

  pollination (fertilisation)
• Describe the process of pollination


  the pollen grain needs to fertilise the ovule. pollen from the anther needs to transfer through the stigma
• what is pollination caused by?

  - the wind

  - insects
• what are the 2 ways pollination can occur?

  - cross-pollination (between 2 diff plants)

  - self-pollination (the male + female parts of the same plant)
• what are the features of insect pollinated plants?

  - bright and sweet smelling petals

  - contain nectar

  - smaller amounts of pollen produced

  - pollen is sticky or spiky to attach to insects

  - anthers and stigmas are held firmly inside of the flower, so insects can brush against them

  - stigma has a sticky coating so pollen can stick
• what is the process like for insect + pollinated plants?

  when insects visit the flower pollen gets stuck on them, so when they move to the flowers of another plant, the pollen from the first flower rubs off onto the stigma of the next flower.
• what are the features of wind pollinated plants?

  - small petals, often dull in colour

  - no nectar

  - pollen produced in large amounts to increase the chance of reaching another plant

  - pollen has low mass so it can be blown easily by the wind

  - anthers are loosely attached and dangle out of the flower, to make it easier to release the pollen into the wind

  - stigma hangs outside the flower to make it easier to catch pollen blown by the wind
• what is the process of pollination like for wind pollinated plants?

  the pollen from the flower of one plant is blown by the wind and might land on the stigma of another plant's flower