Horizontal and Vertical Motion

    Cards (18)

    • Projectile motion
      A form of motion where an object given an initial velocity is thrown or projected and is allowed to be acted on by gravity in a curved-like path
    • Projectiles
      Objects thrown
    • Trajectory
      Curved path
    • Type 1: Horizontally Launched Projectiles
      • Projectiles that are launched with an initial velocity from an elevated position and follows a curved-like path to the ground
    • Type 2: Angle-Launched Projectiles

      • Projectiles launched at an angle with respect to the horizontal and rises to a peak while moving horizontally. Upon reaching the peak, the projectile falls with a motion that is symmetrical to its path upwards to the peak
    • Projectile motion examples
      • A volleyball being served
      • A baseball hit by a bat
      • A flight of a soccer ball
      • Slice serving of the Ping-Pong ball
      • Smashing of shuttlecock
      • 100m dash
      • A motorbike taking off on a ramp
      • Dragonboat paddling race
      • Car racing
      • Short course swimming
    • Parabola
      Curved pattern
    • The rider as it takes off a cliff is the projectile in situation A
    • The golf ball as it flies into the air and returns back to the ground is the projectile in situation B
    • As the rider takes off from the cliff
      Its downward vertical velocity is increasing due to the presence of gravity which accelerates the rider at 9.8m/s interval downward
    • As the golf ball rises in the air
      Its vertical velocity decreases
    • When the golf ball reaches the maximum height
    • When the golf ball returns to the ground
      Its vertical velocity will decrease
    • Type I: Horizontally Launched Projectiles
      1. The vertical velocity of the marble is gradually increasing from points A to D
      2. There is no external net force acting along the horizontal direction (ax = 0)
    • Type II: Angle-Launched Projectiles
      1. Horizontal velocity (vx) is still constant
      2. As the projectile ascends (point A to B) the upward, vertical velocity (vy) is decreasing
      3. As the projectile reaches the maximum height (point B) it momentarily stops causing a vertical velocity equal to zero (vy = 0)
      4. When the projectile descends (point B to C), vertical velocity is increasing
    • As the projectile reaches its highest peak, the vertical velocity continuously increases
    • In angle-launched projectile, as the projectile rises its vertical velocity decreases
    • The acceleration due to gravity is not equal to zero
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