Drake summaries

• Consequence: increased prosperity of investors

  • Elizabeth was a great supporter
  • she increased the wealth and power of England
  • Drake captured £480million from Spanish (in todays money)
  • Elizabeth received a half-share (more than her yearly income)
  • asserted England's presence on global stage
  • challenged Spanish dominance in Age of Exploration
  • raiding of Spanish colonies inspired future explorers
  • riches of exploration showed Elizabeth as powerful, despite gender
• Consequence: increased prosperity of investors pt2

  • Drakes investors (Privy Council) made a fortune
  • Drake was knighted on the Golden Hind, took £10,000
  • Drake was allowed to buy Buckland Abbey in Devon
  • Drake became one of the richest men
  • merchants who sponsored the voyage made a lot of money
• Consequence: increase in maps

  • Drake kept accurate records and diaries
  • new technology- rutters and astrolabes helped plot journey
  • he seized charts from captured ships
  • maps used later in colonisation
  • took Nuestra Senora de la Concepion's captain as a prisoner- he gave extra knowledge
• Consequence: increase in maps pt2

  • created the Drake passage from South America to Antarctica
  • his crew created detailed navigational charts, collected botanical specimens
  • contributed to English naval supremacy
  • led to rise in trading of slaves
• Consequence: King Philip's reaction

  • Philip was furious
  • he had a vulnerable empire in South America
  • reinforced Spanish territories with more colonies and troops
  • 1580s- led to English expeditions failing
  • Drake's negotiations with Maluku people challenged Portuguese buying spices in those islands
  • led to future plans to take over Portuguese trade and plunder colonies in the Pacific
  • Elizabeth's support for Drake was an open insult to the Spanish
  • 1580s- high tensions and suspicions between Spanish and English
• Cause: to gain knowledge

  • maps were unfinished
  • gave Drake opportunity to chart some of the first English maps to areas in South America
  • Drake had been on 3 previous voyages with the Hawkins to America
  • he saw he could gain knowledge of trading routes
  • he planned to explore the Pacific Coast to investigate trading
• Cause: to gain knowledge pt2

  • 1570- new areas of opportunity in South America, prospect of trade with Spanish colonies, chance to seize defenceless trading ships
  • Drake was intrigued by the possibility of the 'Strait of Anian' that would link the Atlantic and Pacific oceans
  • speed up travel times between East Asia (valuable in silk and spice)
• Cause: to gain revenge on the Spanish

  • relationship between English and Spanish was fuelled by tension because of religion and power
  • 1588- Spanish Armada
  • King Philip II established a monopoly over trade, Spain was the wealthiest country at the time
  • key reason for Drake was the wealth and land settlements by the Spanish
  • Elizabeth was aware of the wealth if Drake captured Spanish treasures
• Cause: to gain revenge on the Spanish pt2

  • 1568- Spanish attacked Hawkins ships and 5 sunk (not Hawkins or Drakes) at San Juan de Ulua
  • 1572- Drakes expedition to Americas, raided Spanish ships
  • Spanish shipping was vulnerable in Peru and Brazil so he could get wealth without facing Spanish forces
• Cause: wealth

  • Spain made a fortune from trade and monopolising resources in America
  • he had a desire for goods- sugar, spice, cotton
  • Hawkins made money from trade of enslaved people and raiding Spanish ships
  • 1572- in Drake's expedition to Americas, he captured a lot of Spanish gold and silver
  • he was helped by the tribe Cimarrons
  • he was backed by investors, Privy Council and Elizabeth in secret
  • Spanish shipping was vulnerable in Peru and Brazil so he could get wealth without facing Spanish forces