contemporary world

• Environmental Degradation


  Efficiency- finding the quickest way of producing large amounts of particular products
• Food Security

  global food security -means delivering sufficient food to the entire world population
• Security of food


  sustainability of society such as population growth, climate change. water scarcity, and agriculture
• Economic Globalization, Poverty, and Inequality

  Economic and trade globalization - it the result of companies trying to outmaneuver their competitors
• Multiplier effect


  an increase in one economic activity can had to increase in other economic activities
• Microcredit


  allows people to improve their lived by participating in the economy
• Main types of inequality


  • wealth inequality
  • income inequality
• Wealth


  refers to the net worth of the country
• Wealth inequality


  speaks abort distribution of assets
• Income


  is the new earnings that constantly being added to the pile country's wealth
• Income Inequality


  we mean that new earnings are being distributed
• The Third World and the Global south


  • Western capitalist countries labeled as the "First World"
  • Soviet Union and its allies were termed the "second world
  • everyone else was grouped into "Third World
• Global North and Global forth

  a way for countries in the south to make stand about the common issues
• Modernization theory


  frames global Stratification as a function of technological and cultural differences between nations
• Columbian Exchange


  refers to the spread of goods, technology, education and diseases
• Walt Rostrow's" For Stages of modernization

  1. Traditional stage- societies that are structured Ground small, local communities with production

  2. Take-off stage -people begin to use their individual talents to produce things beyond necessities

  3. Technological maturity- technological growth of the earlier periods begin to bear fruit in the form of population growth
• •4. High mass assumption- when country is big enough that production becomes

  more about wants than nerds. •Dependency theory-developed by Hams Singer and koml Prebrich in 19505

  •Peripheral nations countries are less developed and receive an unequal distribution of the worlds wealth.

  • Core Countries are more industrialized nations who receive the majority of the worlds wealth