Ped 205- Educational Pioneers

• Educational Pioneers


  • Perspective on the Purpose of Education
  • Curriculum
  • Methods of Instruction
  • Role of Teacher
• John Locke


  To develop a theory of knowledge based on sense
• John Locke


  • Reading, writing, history, physical education
  • Sensation, Story
  • Is to encourage sense experience based on the lecture method
• John Komensky "Comenius"


  To relate instructions to children's natural growth and development; to contribute to peace and human understanding
• John Komensky "Comenius"


  • Vernacular, language, reading, writing, mathematics, religion, history, Latin, universal knowledge
  • Based on readiness and stages of human growth, gradual cumulative, orderly, use of concrete objects
  • Use of objects and pictures to encourage children to use their senses in learning
  • Using senses rather than passive memorization
• John Komensky "Comenius"


  • To be permissive facilitator of learning to base instruction on a child's stages of development
  • To be a caring person who creates a pleasant classroom
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau


  • Innate goodness of a child
  • To create a learning environment that allows a child to innate natural goodness to flourish
  • Letting Children grow according to their own instincts, interest, and needs
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau


  • Nature the environment
  • Sensation; experience with nature
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau


  • To assist nature; not to improve social conventions on the child
  • Teachers should follow children's interest so that they can learn from their direct interaction and environment
• Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi


  • To develop the human being's moral mental, and physical powers harmoniously use of natural sense of perceptions in forming clear ideas
  • Schooling should base on emotion security and object learning
• Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi


  • Object lessons; form, number, sounds
  • Warm, secure school, Sensory learning instructional strategies
  • Senses and Emotion
• Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi


  • Emphasize the right of the children to learn in an unhurried manner in a caring environment
  • To act as loving facilitator of learning by creating a homelike school environment, skilled in using the special method
• Johann Friedrich Herbart


  • To contribute to the human being's moral development through knowledge and ethics
  • Motivation to application
• Johann Friedrich Herbart


  • Curriculum correlation, interest, morals, logic, mathematics, literature, history, music, art
  • Preparation, presentation, association, systematization, and application
• Johann Friedrich Herbart


  To stimulate the learner's intellectual and moral development through formal stages of instruction
• Friedrich Willian August Froebel


  • Believed that a young Child possessed innate qualities that would unfold gradually within a natural setting
  • To bring out and develop the talent spiritual essence of the child in prepared environment
• Friedrich Willian August Froebel


  • Songs, stories, games, gifts, occupation
  • Self activity, play, Imitation
• Friedrich Willian August Froebel


  To facilitate children's growth
• H. Spencer


  • To enable human beings to live effectively, significantly and scientifically
  • Social Darwinist and Utilitarian Education
• H. Spencer


  • Practical, Utilitarian and Scientific Objects
  • Sensation and the Scientific Method; activities
• H. Spencer


  To organize instruction in terms of basic life activities
• John Dewey


  • Children should be encouraged to develop "Free Personalities" and that they should be taught how to think and to make judgements rather that to simple have their heads filled with knowledge
  • To contribute to the individuals personal, social and intellectual growth
• John Dewey


  • Making and doing history and geography science; problems
  • Problem solving according to scientific method
• John Dewey


  To create a learning environment based on the shared experience of the community of learners
• Laura Jane Addams


  • The ultimate aim of education is to modify the character and conduct of the individual, and to harmonize and adjust his activities
  • Education is the foundation of democracy
• Laura Jane Addams


  • Art, drama, language, reading
  • Socialized Play and recreation
• Laura Jane Addams


  To discover a method of instruction which shall make knowledge quickly available to his pupils
• Maria Montessori


  To assist children's sensory, muscular and intellectual development in a prepared environment
• Maria Montessori


  • Motor and sensory skills, preplanned materials
  • Spontaneous learning; activities; practical sensory and formal skills exercises
• Maria Montessori


  To act as facilitator or director of learning by using didactic materials in a prepared environment
• Jean Piaget


  To organize education in terms of children's patterns of growth and development
• Jean Piaget


  • Concrete and formal operations
  • Individualized programs; explorations and experimentation with concrete materials
• Jean Piaget


  To organize instruction to states of cognitive development
• Paulo Regius Neves Freire

  • Education should raise the awareness of the students so that they become subjects, rather than objects, of the world
  • Education is like a bank, a large repository where students come to withdraw the knowledge they need for life
• Paulo Regius Neves Freire

  • Democratic learning
  • Compact programs were broken down and codified into learning units
  • Topics offered were offered by the groups (students) themselves
• Paulo Regius Neves Freire


  • Conscientization and dialogue
  • Exchange of ideas from coordinators (teachers) and groups of participants (students)
  • Critical discussions or debate
• Paulo Regius Neves Freire


  • To respect students and their demands equally teachers to be aware of the concrete conditions of the student's worlds that shape them
  • The teachers must become learners and the learners must become teachers
  • Teachers must learn about the students so that knowledge can be constructed in ways that are meaningful to students