N202 Final

• Change management strategies

  • Empirical rationale strategy
  • Normative Re-educative strategy
  • Power coercion strategy
• Empirical rationale strategy

  • Assumes that we are rational people who use knowledge to embrace change
  • Uses knowledge as a power base
  • Aimed at educating people about available options and assumes that the individual will change their behavior as the new behavior is more desirable
  • Training can be a change method
  • Communication of the information is important
  • Little resistance is anticipated
• Normative Re-educative strategy

  • Focuses on the relationship needs of the group
  • Assumes that the socio-cultural norms are fundamental to a person's behavior
  • Assumes that people act in accordance with values, norms and attitudes of the group
  • Some resistance may be expected
  • Change agent does not necessarily require legitimate power but gains power with interpersonal skills
• Power coercion strategy

  • Based on the application of power by a legitimate authority, economic sanctions, or political clout
  • Resistance is handled by authority measures: accept it or leave
  • Useful when a consensus is unlikely despite efforts to stimulate participation
  • When much resistance is anticipated, time is short and change is critical
• a.     Characteristics:

                                                 i.     Plan 

                                               ii.     Source

                                             iii.     Intensity 

                                              iv.     Pattern 

                                               v.     Pace 
• b.     Basic stages of the change process 

                                                 i.     Unfreeze

                                               ii.     Moving

                                             iii.     Refreeze 
• a.     Morality: societalnorms, respect for people 
• b.     Values: an ideal, significant meaning to a person, group, or society 
• c.     Principles of ethics:

                                                 i.     Autonomy 

                                               ii.     Benefice: duty to do and maximize good 

                                             iii.     Nonmaleficence: duty to do no harm 

                                              iv.     Justice 
• ii.     Benefice: duty to do and maximize good 

                                         
• iii.     Nonmaleficence: duty to do no harm 

                                            
• d.     Veracity: duty to tell the truth 
• e.     Fidelity: foundation of a nurse-patient relationship