Examples

• When you are training a dog to catch a frisbee, it at first is not very good at catching it. Eventually, the dog will gradually learn to catch and will do it every time you throw the frisbee. What is this?

  Shaping
• Food and water are what types of reinforcers?

  Primary
• By getting good grades, you are consistently praised. What reinforcer are the good grades?

  Secondary
• Money could give you assess to food, clothing, and entertainment. What reinforcer is being referred?

  Generalized
• You have to press a button 5 times in order to get a snack. What schedule of reinforcement is this?

  fixed ratio
• On slot machines, you can use it as many times as you want but you don't know when you will get your reward. What schedule of reinforcement is this?

  Variable Ratio
• Every time you finish your homework, after 10 minutes you are given a snack. What schedule of reinforcement is this?

  Fixed Interval
• Every time you finish your homework. Your parents give you a snack at an unspecified amount of time. What schedule of reinforcement is this?

  Variable Interval
• Rapid increase in your workload will more easily cause you to burn out compared to a gradual increase in workload. What is this an example of?

  Stretching the Ratio
• You are performing very well at your job. Because of this, he gives you more work than before. What schedule is this?

  Adjusting
• You need to brush your teeth, take a shower, and eat breakfast before you can leave your house. What schedule is this?

  Chained
• Your tells you to do your chores first, only then will you be allowed to play video games. What is this?

  Premack Principle
• You are buying candy in a vending machine and you press the button. When the candy in the vending machine is stuck, you resort to pressing the button multiple times. What is this?

  Extinction burst
• If a vending machine has stolen your money and you have tried pressing the button multiple times you may try different things. Such as unplug the vending machine or ram it with your car. What is this?

  Increase in Variability
• Which would last longer FR(100) or VR(25)

  FR(100)
• Sherri might quickly habituate to the sound of gunshots at a shooting range. If, however, a handsome stranger approaches and stands nearby, she might again be startled when the next shot is fired.

  Disinhibition
• Your child was caught shoplifting at a toy store. Because they misbehaved you take away their privilege to go outside at night. Which negative punishment is this?

  Response Cost
• Your child was caught shoplifting at a toy store. Because they misbehaved you tell them to go to their room and sit in a corner. Which negative punishment is this?

  Time-out
• Define positive punishment

  positive punishment is the application of a stimulus that is usually aversive that decreases behavior
• Define positive reinforcement

  positive reinforcement is the application of a stimulus that is usually appetitive that increases behavior
• define negative reinforcement

  negative reinforcement is the removal of a stimulus that is usually aversive that increases behavior
• define negative punishment

  negative punishment is the removal of a stimulus that is usually appetitive that decreases behavior