7) Human Nutrition

• Balanced Diet: A diet that contains all the nutrients needed in correct amounts (carbs, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, fibre, and water)
• carbs: source of energy
• protein: growth and repair
• Lipids: insulation and energy storage
• fibre: Bulk for intestine to push food through \ prevent constipation
• vitamins and minerals : maintain health
• water : chemical reactions
• Carbs: Bread, cereal, pasta, rice, potatoes
• protein : Meat, fish, eggs, nuts
• lipids : Butter, oil, nuts
• fibre : vegetables and whole grain
• vitamins : fruits and vegetables
• minerals : Fruits and vegetables, meats, dairy products
• water : Fruits and vegetables, dairy products
• SCURVY:

  • vitamin c deficiency
  • open wounds, bleeding gums, teeth loss, weakness
  • common in pirates because they did not have fruits and vegetables at sea
  • body cannot make connective tissues
• RICKETS:

  • Vitamin D deficiency
  • Body cannot absorb and retain calcium and phosphorus which are critical for building bone
  • stunted growth, bone fractures, bowlegs
  • common in children and can be treated but complete recovery takes time