Physics

• In an adiabatic process, the work done by the environment on the system equals the change in internal energy.
• Which statement is true?

  the flux through a closed surface is always positive

  the flux through a close surface is always negative

  the sign of the flux through a closed surface depends on an arbitrary choice of sign for the surface

  inward flux through a closed surface is negative and outward flux is positive

  inward flux through a closed surface is positive and outward flux is negative

  inward flux through a closed surface is negative and outward flux is positive
• As a result of a temperature rise of 64∘C , a bar with a crack at centre buckles upward (Fig . 18-20 ). The fixed distance L0 is 3.77 m and the coefficient of linear expansion of the bar is Find the rise 25×10−6/∘C of the centre .

  ≈ 0.11 m
• On a liner X temperature scale , water freezes at −125.0∘X and boils at 360.0∘X. On a linear Y temperature scale water freezes at −70.00∘Y and boils at −30.00∘Y . A temperature of 50.00∘Y corresponds to what temperature on the X scale ? A. 455 B. -125 C. 1375 D. 1500

  1375°X
• The volume of a solid aluminum ball with initial radius 20 cm increase by 347cm3 when the ball is heated . What is the temperature change ? A. 50K B. 150K C. 225K D. 70K

  150° K
• When the temperature of a copper penny is increased by 100°C, its diameter increases by 0.17%. The area of one of its faces increases by:

  a. 0.17%

  b. 0.34%

  c. 0.51%

  d. 0.13%

  e. 0.27%

  b. 0.34%
• The same energy Q enters five different substances as heat.

  The temperature of 3 g of substance A increases by 10K

  The temperature of 4 g of substance B increases by 4K

  The temperature of 6 g of substance C increases by 15K

  The temperature of 8 g of substance D increases by 6K

  The temperature of 10 g of substance E increases by 10K

  Which substance has the greatest specific heat?

  The temperature of 4 g of substance B increases by 4K
• A constant-volume gas thermometer is used to measure the temperature of an object. When the thermometer is in contact with water at its triple point (273.16K) the pressure in teh thermometer is 8.500 x 10^4Pa. When it is in contact with the object the pressure is 9.650 x 10^4 Pa. The temperature of the object is: A. 37K B. 241K C. 310K D. 314K E. 2020K

  310K
• When a certain constant-volume gas thermometer is in thermal contact with water at its triple point (273.16K) the pressure is 6.30 x 10^4 Pa. For this thermometer a kelvin corresponds to a change in pressure of about: A. 4.34x10² B. 2.31x10² C. 1.72x10³ D. 2.31x10³

  2.31 x 10^2 Pa
• The diagram shows four thermometers, labeled W, X, Y, and Z. The freezing and boiling points of water are indicated. Rank the thermometers according to the size of a degree on their scales, smallest to largest

  Z, X, Y, W
• Fahrenheit and Kelvin scales agree numerically at a reading of

  574
• Which one of the following statements is true? Temperatures which differ by 10˚ on the Celsius scale must differ by 18˚ on the Fahrenheit scale
• A Kelvin thermometer and a Fahrenheit thermometer both give the same reading for a certain sample. The corresponding Celsius temperature is

  301˚C
• A surveyor's 30-m steel tape is correct at 68˚F. On a hot day the tape has expanded to 30.01m. On that day, the tape indicates a distance of 15.52m between two points. The true distance between these points is: A) 15.50 m B) 15.53 m C) 15.54 m D) 15.51 m E) 15.52 m

  15.51m

• The figure shows a rectangular brass plate at 0˚C in which there is cut a rectangular hole of dimensions indicated. If the temperature of the plate is raised to 150˚C: A. x will increase and y will decrease B. both x and y will decrease C. x will decrease and y will increase D. both x and y will increase E. the changes in x and y depend on the dimension z

  both x and y will increase
• The Stanford linear accelerator contains hundreds of brass disks tightly fitted into a steel tube (see figure). The coefficient of linear expansion of the brass is 2.00 x 10^-5 per C˚. The system was assembled by cooling the disks in dry ice (-57˚C) to enable them to just slide into the close-fitting tube. If the diameter of a disk is 80.00mm at 43˚C, what is its diameter in the dry ice? A. 78.40 B. 79.68 C. 80.16 D. 79.84

  79.84
• An annular ring of aluminum is cut from an aluminum sheet as shown. When this ring is heated, the area of the hole expands the same percent as any area of the aluminum.
• Possible units for the coefficient of volume expansion are: A. mm/C° B. mm³/C° C. (C°)³ D. 1/(C°)³ E. 1/C°

  1/C˚
• The mercury column in an ordinary medical thermometer doubles in length when its temperature changes from 95˚F to 105˚F. Choose the correct statement

  none of the above is true
• The coefficient of linear expansion of iron is 1.0x10^-5 per C˚. The surface area of an iron cube, with an edge length of 5.0cm, will increase by what amount if it is heated from 10˚C to 60˚C?

  0.15cm^2
• The diagram shows four rectangular plates and their dimensions. All are made of the same material. The temperature now increases. Of these plates, the vertical dimension of plate 4 increases the most and the area of plate 3 increases the most.
• The coefficient of linear expansion of steel is 11 x 10^-6 per C˚. A steel ball has a volume of exactly 100 cm^3 at 0˚C. When heated to 100˚C, its volume becomes: A. 100.33 cm^3 B. 100.0011 cm^3 C. 100.0033 cm^3 D. 100.000011 cm^3 E. 100.01 cm^3

  100.33 cm^3
• The coefficient of linear expansion of a certain steel is 0.000012 per C˚. The coefficient of volume expansion, in (C˚)^-1, is: A. (0.000012)³ B. (4π/3)(0.000012)³ C. 3 x 0.000012 D. 0.000012

  3 x 0.000012v
• A gram of distilled water at 4˚C

  will decrease slightly in volume when heated to 6˚C
• For constant-volume processes the heat capacity of gas A is greater than the heat capacity of gas B. We conclude that when they both absorb the same energy as heat at constant volume

  the temperature of B increases more than the temperature of A
• A cube of aluminum has an edge length of 20cm. Aluminum has a density 2.7 times that of water (1g/cm^3) and a specific heat 0.217 times that of water (1 cal/g•C˚). When the internal energy of the cube increases by 47000 cal its temperature increases by: A. 5C B. 10C C. 20C D. 100C E. 200C

  10˚C
• Take the mechanical equivalent of heat as 4 J/cal. A 10-g bullet moving at 2000 m/s plunges into 1kg of paraffin wax (specific heat 0.7 cal/g•C˚). The wax was initially at 20˚C. Assuming that all the bullet's energy heats the wax, its final temperature (in C˚) is: A. 20.14 B. 23.5 C. 20.006 D. 27.1 E. 30.23

  27.1
• The energy given off as heat by 300 g of an alloy as it cools through 50˚C raises the temperature of 300g of water from 30˚C to 40˚C. The specific heat of the alloy (in cal/g•C˚) is: A. 0.015 B. 0.10 C. 0.15 D. 0.20 E. 0.5

  0.20
• The specific heat of lead is 0.030 cal/g•C. 300 g of lead shot at 100˚C is mixed with 100g of water at 70˚C in an insulated container. The final temperature of the mixture is

  72.5˚C
• Object A, with heat capacity Ca and initially at temperature Ta, is placed in thermal contact with object B, with heat capacity Cb and initially at temperature Tb. The combination is thermally isolated. If the heat capacities are independent of the temperature and no phase changes occur, the final temperature of both objects is

  (CaTa+CbTb)/(Ca+Cb)
• The heat capacity of object B is twice that of object A. Initially A is at 300K and B is at 450K. They are placed in thermal contact and the combination is isolated. The final temperature of both objects is: A. 200K B. 300K C. 400K D. 450K E. 600K

  400K
• Solid A, with mass M, is at is melting point TA. It is placed in thermal contact with solid B, with heat capacity CB and initially at temperature TB (TB>TA). The combination is thermally isolated. A has latent heat of fusion L and when it has melted has heat capacity CA. If A completely melts the final temperature of both A and B

  (CATA+CBTB-ML)/(CA+CB)
• How many calories are required to change one gram of 0˚C ice to 100˚C steam? The latent heat of fusion is 80 cal/g and the latent heat of vaporization is 540 cal/g. The specific heat of water is 1.00 cal/g•K. A. 100 B.540 C. 620 D. 720 E. 900

  720
• Ten grams of ice at -20˚C is to be changed to steam at 130˚C. The specific heat of both ice and steam is 0.5 cal/g•C˚. The heat of fusion is 80 cal/g and the heat of vaporization is 540 cal/g. The entire process requires: A. 750 B. 1250 C. 6950 D. 7450 E. 7700

  7450 cal
• Steam at 1 atm and 100˚C enters a radiator and leaves as water at 1 atm and 80˚C. Take the heat of vaporization to be 540 cal/g. Of the total energy given off as heat, what percent arises from the cooling of the water? A. 100 B. 54 C. 26 D. 14 E. 3.6

  E. 3.6
• A certain humidifier operates by raising water to be the boiling point and then evaporating it. Every minute 30g of water at 20˚C are added to replace the 30g that are evaporated. The heat of fusion of water is 333 kJ/kg, the heat of vaporization is 2256 kJ/kg, and the specific heat is 4190 J/kg•K. How many joules of energy per minute does this humidifier require? A. 3.0x10⁴ B. 8.8x10⁴ C. 7.8x10⁴ D. 1.1x10⁴ E. 2.0x10⁴


  8.8x10^4
• A metal sample of mass M requires a power input P to just remain molten. When the heater is turned off, the metal solidifies in a time T. The specific latent heat of fusion of this metal is: A. P/MT B. T/PM C. PM/T D. PMT E. PT/M

  PT/M
• Fifty grams of ice at 0˚C is placed in a thermos bottle containing one hundred grams of water at 6˚C. How many grams of ice will melt? The heat of fusion of water is 333 kJ/kg and specific heat is 4190 J/kg•K. A. 7.5 B. 2.0 C. 8.3 D. 17 E. 50

  7.5
• The specific heat of lead is 0.030 cal/g ·°C. If 300 g of lead shot at 100°C is mixed with 100 g of water at 70°C in an insulated container determine the final temperature of the mixture.

  E. 72.5˚C
• During an adiabatic process an object does 100J of work and its temperature decreases by 5K. During another process it does 35J of work and its temperature decreases by 5K. Its heat capacity for the second process is: A. 20 B. 24 C. 5 D. 15 E. 100

  15 J/K