midterms anatomy : reviewer for quiz 2

• Parietal pleura lines the thoracic wall, thoracic surface of the

  diaphragm, lateral aspect of the mediastinum and undersurface of the suprapleural membrane at the thoracic outlet
• Visceral pleura completely covers the outer surfaces of the lungs and extends into the depths of the interlobar fissures
• CUFF OF PLEURA where the parietal and visceral pleura become continuous
• found at the HILUM of the lung
• PULMONARY LIGAMENT allow for movement of the pulmonary vessels and large bronchi during respiration
• PLEURAL FLUID a thin film of tissue fluid which covers the surfaces of the pleura permits movement of the two layers with minimum friction
• TRACHEA Mobile cartilaginous and membranous tube
• TRACHEA Ends at the CARINA
• SECONDARY BRONCHI : Lobar
• TERTIARY BRONCHI : Segmental
• BRONCHIOLES < 1 mm in diameter No cartilage in the walls Lined with columnar ciliated epithelium
• Abdominal Type of Respiration babies and young children nearly horizontal ribs
• Thoracic Type of Respiration after 2nd year of life more oblique ribs
• Expiration – Rises by one vertebral level Inspiration – Lowers as far as T6
• PRIMARY BRONCHI

  Right Principal Bronchus - wider, shorter, more vertical - 1 in (2.5 cm) long Left Principal Bronchus - narrower, longer, more horizontal - 2 in. (5 cm) long
• LOBES: a. Upper Lobe b. Middle Lobe c. Lower Lobe
• FISSURES: a. Oblique Fissure b. Horizontal Fissure - level of the 4th costal cartilage
• LOBES: a. Upper Lobe b. Lower Lobe
• FISSURES: - Oblique Fissure