Cells 🥚

• What are all living things made up of?

  Cells.
• What are eukaryotic cells?

  Cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. For example, animal and plant cells.
• What are prokaryotic cells?

  Cells without a nucleus. For example, bacteria.
• What is the nucleus and its function?

  It contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell. Genetic material is arranged into chromosomes.
• What is the cytoplasm and its function?

  It is a jelly- like substance where most of the chemical reactions take place caused by the enzymes in it.
• What is the cell membrane and its function?

  It holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out of the cell.
• What is the mitochondria and its function?


  It is where most of the reactions for respiration take place. Respiration transfers energy that the cell needs to work.
• What are ribosomes and their function?

  Ribosomes are cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis.
• What is the cell wall and its function?

  It is made of cellulose and supports/strengthens the cell.
• What is the vacuole and its function?

  It contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts which supports the cell.
• What are chloroplasts and their function?

  It is where photosynthesis takes place in which food is made for the plant. They contain a green substance called chlorophyll.
• What is the difference between animal and plant cells?

  Animal cells have a nucleus,cytoplasm,cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes while plant cells also have these but in addition contain a vacuole,cell wall and chloroplasts.
• What is chromosomal DNA and its function?


  It is one long- circular chromosome that controls the cell's activities and replication. It floats free in the cytoplasm.
• What is plasmid DNA and its function?


  It is small loops of extra DNA that aren't part of the chromosome. Plasmids contains genes for things like drug resistance and can be passed between bacteria.
• What is the flagellum and its function?


  A long - hair like structure that rotates to make the bacteria move.