CCIT 03 .1

• Java


  An object-oriented language tailored for general-purpose business applications and interactive, World Wide Web-based Internet applications
• Java


  • Robust security features
  • Architectural neutrality
• Java allows programmers to craft programs that seamlessly operate across diverse operating systems like Windows, Mac OS, or Linux, as well as various devices such as PCs, phones, and tablets
• Green Project


  Initiated by James Gosling in 1991 to develop software for controlling consumer electronic devices
• Oak programming language


  Developed in 1992 with features such as platform independence, object-oriented programming, and security
• Renaming to Java

  In 1995, the project was renamed from Oak to Java due to trademark issues. The name Java was chosen after an island in Indonesia known for its coffee beans
• Official release of Java 1.0

  January 1996
• Java 1.0 included core features such as the Java Development Kit (JDK), Java Virtual Machine (JVM), and Java Applets
• Following its release, Java quickly gained popularity and widespread adoption, leading to its standardization through the Java Community Process (JCP)
• Java's core principles

  • Simplicity
  • Robustness
  • Portability
  • Platform independence
  • Security
  • High performance
  • Multithreading
  • Architecture neutrality
  • Distributed
  • Object-oriented design
  • Interpretation capability
  • Automatic Garbage Collection
  • Dynamism
• Write Once, Run Anywhere


  Java's promise that allowed developers to create applications that could run on multiple platforms without modification
• Java's security features

  • Configurable options that restricted network and file access
• Java core principles

  • Object-Oriented
  • Platform Independent
  • Simple
  • Secure
  • Architecture-Neutral
  • Portable
  • Robust
  • Multithreaded
  • Interpreted
  • High Performance
  • Distributed
  • Dynamic
  • Automatic Garbage Collection
• Procedural programming


  Derived from structured programming and revolves around calling procedures, which are a series of computational steps
• Procedural programming


  • Follows a top-down approach, dividing programs into functions and treating them as separate entities
  • Less secure compared to Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) due to the absence of data hiding mechanisms
  • Programs can become complex, especially when adding new data or functions
  • Programs are divided into small parts known as functions
  • Functions take precedence over data
• Procedural programming languages


  • C
  • Pascal
  • ALGOL
  • COBOL
  • BASIC
  • FORTRAN
• Object-Oriented Programming


  Organizes software design around objects, which contain data in attributes and code in methods
• Object-Oriented Programming


  • Follows a bottom-up approach, dividing programs into objects that interact with each other
  • Introduces access specifiers like private, public, and protected, enhancing security through data hiding
  • Programs are less complex due to modularity, allowing for easy creation of new data objects
  • Programs are divided into objects, each encapsulating data and methods
  • Data takes precedence over functions, focusing on modeling real-world entities
  • Provides inheritance, allowing classes to inherit characteristics from existing classes
• Object-Oriented Programming languages


  • Java
  • C++
  • Python
  • C#
  • PHP