PA (INTEGUMENTARY AND HEAD AND NECK)

• technique use in examining the skin is inspection and palpation
• technique use in examining the hair is inspection and palpation
• techniques use in examining the nail is inspection
• terminal hair is the long thick and course hair of the body
• vellous hair is the soft small tiny hair that covers the whole body
• edema is fluids accumulation under the skin
• to check for tugor is pitch skin over clavicle
• color changes: hyperpigmentation indicates addison's disease
• color changes: hypopigmentation indicates vitiligo
• color changes: erythema (redness) indicates inflammation
• color changes: cyanosis (bluish color) indicates oxygenation issues
• color changes: pallor (whitish color) indicates perfusion issues
• color changes: jaundice (yellow color) indicates liver failure
• edema scale: +1 mild edema 2mm
• +2 moderate edema 4mm
• +3 severe edema 6mm
• +4 extreme edema 8mm