Science

• Force


  Anything that causes an object to change its shape, speed or direction of movement
• Types of forces


  • Contact force
  • Non-contact force
• Contact force


  A force that touches an object in order to change its speed, shape or direction of movement
• Non-contact force


  A force that does not touch an object in order to change its shape, speed or direction of movement
• Interaction pair


  When two things interact against each other
• Newton's first law


  • An object that isn't moving will not move, an object that is moving will keep moving
• Newton's second law


  The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the strength of force applied to the object
• Harder you kick the ball


  The faster it moves
• Newton's third law


  • For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
• Action and reaction


  • The ball against the wall pushes the ball back
• Friction


  The force that prevents easy movement between two objects that are in contact
• Air resistance


  The frictional force on an object as it moves through air
• Water resistance


  The frictional force on an object as it moves through water
• Balanced force


  Does not cause any change in motion
• Unbalanced force


  Causes change in motion
• Upthrust


  The thrust from the engine is greater than the water resistance, causing the boat to move forward
• Equilibrium is a state in which opposing forces or influences are balanced
• Elastic force


  The force that causes an elastic material to return to its original shape
• Deform


  To distort the shape or form of something
• Elastic


  A deformed material that is able to go back to its original shape
• Rigid body


  A body that is free to move about a fixed point
• Hooke's law


  The extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force causing the extension
• Lubricant


  A substance that helps to reduce friction between surfaces
• Streamlining


  Designing or providing a form that presents very little resistance to a flow of air and water, increasing speed and ease of movement
• Weight


  The downward force on an object due to gravity, measured in Newtons
• Mass


  The amount of matter in an object, measured in grams/kilograms
• Precision


  Being exact, accurate
• Accuracy


  Correctness or precision
• Gravitational force


  The force that pulls objects towards the Earth's centre
• Electrostatic force


  The force between electrically charged objects
• Magnetic force


  The attraction and repulsion of magnetic materials when near a magnet
• Surface tension


  The force that causes the molecules on the surface of a liquid to form a layer
• Upthrust


  The force of air pushing an object up, keeping it floating
• Wind force


  A force that is applied to an object by a person or another object