An examination of the elements and principles of design present in an artwork and the process of deriving meaning from how those elements and principles are used by visual artists to communicate a concept, idea, or emotion
formal/critical analysis
4 aspects of formal analysis
description, analysis, interpretation, evaluation
Shows us some broad vision of what we see in the original, be it a person, landscape, interior, event, or such, with some level of detail
representation
Art that does not attempt to present an aspect of the recognizable world. In such work meaning is communicated through shapes, colors, and textures
non-representational/non-objective
the general appearance of a work or a group of works that were created in accordance with a specific set of principles about form or appearance
style
It is not the original form but instead the artist’s response to the original form rendered in artistic terms—although, clearly, not all of it is so strongly abstracted that we lose the plainer references to the physical world
abstract
3 components of the physical and metaphysical world
vertical, horizontal, diagonal
a set of principles and norms, for the representation of royals that was very specific about just how they must look, including norms for the proportions of the different parts of the body to one another, their stance, and other details
canon
The figures of the blank (r. c. 2530- c. 2510 BCE) and his blank are shown as being well proportioned, physically fit, and in young adulthood. (Figure 4.8) Because the king was regularly assessed with regard to his favor with the gods and fitness to rule, he was required to be in top physical condition—or so he must appear in any official imagery.
pharaoh menkaure and his queen khamerernebty
derived from the Sanskrit word for “friend,”. a successor to the current Buddha, will appear in the future.
maitreya
a person who is able to reach nirvana but compassionately chooses to help others out of their human suffering.
bodhisattva
the space above the portals, or doors.
tympanum
This line divides the fresco into two zones: the zone above that, which for Christians symbolized BLANK, and the skeleton beneath the line which symbolizes the BLANK.
eternal life, waiting grave
categories of artistic styles
period styles, regional styles, formal style
groups of art in which the works derive their characteristic structure from the culture prevalent during a particular time period. A good example of a period style would be Gothic Art or Ming dynasty Art
period style
groups of art in which the works derive their structure from the culture prevalent in a particular place. A good example of a regional style would be Dutch Art or Latin American Art
regional style
groups of art in which the works derive their structure from principles that are not characteristic of either one place or one time. A good example of a formal style would be Surrealism, Impressionism, or Modernism. Formal styles tend to be the “isms.”
formal style
for much of history style has reflected the broader cultural currents that influence so much of life in any time and place
conventions of representation
a German term to denote devotional images used to aid prayer.
andachtsbilder
a published collection of all the works of a given artist or art exhibition.
catalog raisonne
the construction of a human figure from both profile and frontal views, for example, as in ancient Egyptian art.
composite view
an asymmetrical arrangement of the human figure in which the line of the arms and shoulders contrasts with and balances the line of the hips and legs
contrapposto
an influential art school in France
ecole des beaux-art
one of several art movements of the twentieth century that were concerned with conveying emotional and mental responses through art (German Expressionism, Abstract Expressionism, Neo-Expressionism
expressionism
a photographic print process which uses gum Arabic and bichromate
gum bichromate
the condition in which the size of figures is determined by social importance rather than observation
hierarchal proportion
the belief that people are naturally good and that problems can be solved using reason instead of religion
humanism
an image that is represented as being ideal or perfected. Linear perspective: a geometric system for representing the illusion of receding space.
idealized
of or pertaining to the appearance of nature, without idealization
naturalistic
unrelated to or exclusive of perceptions of objective external reality.
non-objective
artwork which intentionally avoids the strategy of representation, instead selecting only novel and original experience as subject matter
non-representational
in linear perspective, diagonal lines that recede into fictive space.
orthogonal lines
a type of photography created by Lucas Samaras which uses fingers and a stylus to move and smear the dyes of a Polaroid print while still wet.
photo-transformation
in Gothic architecture, doorways, traditionally embellished with sculptural decoration
portals
in art, the use of signs or images which stand in for or take the place of something else.
representation
in Buddhist religious architecture, rounded mounds which contain religious relics, mark sacred places, or are used as sites of meditation
stupas
in Roman political history, the term for one of four co-emperors of the Roman Empire installed by Diocletian in 293 CE.
tetrarch
in Gothic Architecture, the semi-circular area above the Portal, traditionally embellished with sculptural decoration.
tympanum
in linear perspective, the point on the horizon to which orthogonal lines converge
vanishingpoint
or truthful renditions of their likenesses. They valued the accomplishments of old age, so their views on aging and the aged were often expressed through BLANK